Marine Species 



17 



smoothed (Merwin and Vaillant, 1932, p. 87, 

 fig. 27, pi. 34,/,;', no date listed). 

 BARTON RAMIE: "A hinge portion of a Xancus 

 shell, which has carefully ground edges, has a 

 central perforation" (W, p. 507, fig. 3io,<?). 

 Turbinella [Xancus], being a gastropod, has no 

 hinge; further, as this is listed among the per- 

 forated bivalves, it is clearly a mistake. 

 TIKAL: 2, described as trumpets, neither of cer- 

 tain date (M-MS). 

 UAXACTUN: i unworked, Tzakol i (K,p. 61). 



Comment: The family Turbinellidae and the genus 

 Turbinella are published as Xancidae and Xancus. 

 For changes in nomenclature, see Yokes, T-9(>A- 



Family: VASIDAE (vases) 



Vasum capitellum (Linne) 

 See comment under V. muricatum below. 



Vasum muricatum (Born) 



Illustration: Plate 11, c. 



Modern distribution: Uncommon on north and east 

 coasts, from Turnefle Islands, B.H., to Punta 

 Palmar, Yuc. 



Archaeological occurrence: 



DZIBILCHALTUN: i shoulder fragment, cut 

 on 2 sides, unfinished. Late Early period. 

 ISLA CANCUN MIDDEN: 2 unworked, For- 

 mative. 



TIKAL: I unworked (M, p. 67, as "F. capitel- 

 lum," see comment below). 



Comment: The Yokes, who have checked our 

 Vasum species from the peninsula, feel that they are 

 all muricatum, even though in some characteristics 

 they resemble capitellum. It is unlikely that archae- 

 ological specimens from the Peten would be of a 

 separate species, for which reasons I include the 

 Tikal occurrence above. 



We have followed Keen (1958, p. 432) in assign- 

 ing Vasum to a separate family rather than to the 

 Turbinellidae. 



Family: OLIYIDAE (olive shells) 



Oliva caribaeensis Dall and Simpson 

 Illustration: Plate 'i.i,a,aa. 



Modern distribution: Isla Cancun and Isla Contoy, 

 Q.R., and Punta Palmar, Yuc. 



Archaeological occurrence: 

 ISLA CANCUN MIDDEN: 14 unworked (2 

 surely, 12 doubtfully this species). Formative. 



Oliva porphyria (Linne) 



Illustration: Keen, 1958, pi. YIII. 



Modern distribution: Pacific. 



Archaeological occurrence: 



COP AN: 9 unworked. Full Classic; 6 tinklers, 

 spire removed, drilled hole at bottom. Full Classic 

 (Longyear, 1952, p. no, fig. 109,^). 

 TIKAL: 8 "uncut tinklers," Early Classic; i "cut 

 tinkler," probably Late Classic (M— MS). 



Oliva reticularis Lamarck 



Illustration: Plate \2,c,cc. 



Modern distribution: East coast, Isla Cozumel to 

 Isla Contoy, and Isla Jaina, Campeche. Not col- 

 lected on north coast. 



Archaeological occurrence: 



DZIBILCHALTUN: i unworked in Cenote 

 Xlacah, presumably an offering; i with back- 

 ground flat and drilled for suspension, spire not 

 removed. Late Early period or Pure Florescent; 

 5 tinklers, spire cut off and either "sawed" (four) 

 or drilled (one) perforation for suspension, three 

 Formative (two in burial), one in Cenote Xlacah, 

 one in unstratified deposit; 3 ornaments made by 

 sawing off horizontal sections of shell and per- 

 forating tip for suspension, one in Pure Florescent 

 cache, one in unstratified deposit, one from Cenote 

 Xlacah. 



LABNA: 3 tinklers, apex removed, base with 

 sawed perforation, probably Pure Florescent 

 (E. H. Thompson, 1897b, pi. X,i6,22,23, illus- 

 trated but not identified). 



GRUTA DE LOLTUN: i tinkler, with sawed 

 perforation, spire not removed, period not known 

 (E. H. Thompson, 1897a, fig. 10 illustrated but 

 not identified). 



MAYAPAN: 73, probably mostly Decadent pe- 

 riod, ranging from unworked through tinklers 

 with a variety of perforations, to a number of 

 specially carved examples, of which Proskouria- 

 koff gives a detailed description (P, pp. 385—86). 

 Certain of the specimens illustrated {ibid., fig. 45) 

 are surely not reticularis; see 0. sayana below. 

 CHICKEN ITZA: "77 [sic]. 2 unaltered, 8 with 

 cut spire; 39 cut horizontally or broken with slit 

 perforation near base; 5 with drilled perforation. 



