Exploration of the Labrador Peninsula. 139 



land locked salmon, white fish, carp and pike being the 

 most abundant and important varieties. A large area of 

 precious Labradorite was found extending over ten miles 

 along the north shore. 



Sandy Lake was again reached and the journey home- 

 ward commenced on August 1st. The route followed was 

 by the south-east branch to its head in Attikonak Lake, 

 there crossing the height of land, the Romaine River was des- 

 cended nearly two hundred miles, and was left about sixty 

 miles from the coast by a difficult portage route, which 

 passes westward through and over a high range of anortho- 

 site mountains to the St. John River. This stream was 

 descended to its mouth, and the Hudson Bay post at 

 Mingan soon after reached. The party then crossed in the 

 packet schooner to Gaspe, and so reached home after an 

 absence of sixteen months, during which time they only 

 once received letters from the outside world. 



The scientific results of the exploration may be briefly 

 summed up as follows : — 



Surveys were made of over two thousand miles of rivers 

 and lakes, including the greater part of the courses of the 

 East Main, Koksoak or Ungava, and Hamilton rivers ; these 

 previously were only roughly laid down on the maps of 

 Labrador, from sketches made by Indians. These surveys 

 will be mapped during the winter, and will add greatly to 

 the geographical detail of the interior. 



The great archean complex of central Labrador was 

 passed through in several directions, and interesting facts 

 were secured bearing on the relations of the intrusive 

 syenites, diorites and anorthosites, to the bedded rocks of 

 the complex. A collection of nearly two hundred speci- 

 mens of typical rocks was brought home, including a num- 

 ber from an immense area of Cambrian rocks, previously 

 unknown, and found to consist of conglomerates, sandstones, 

 limestones and shales, generally all highly charged with 

 iron, and which often occurs as thick beds of hematite 

 interstratified with the limestones and sandstones in such 

 quantities as to rival or surpass the iron fields of the Lake 

 Superior region of the United States. 



