2f36 J. Scully-— Ow the Ohiroptera of Nepal, [No. 3, 



species of bat found in India may occur in Nepal territory. That must 

 be mere matter of conjecture, for, as I have mentioned, we have only 

 certain knowledge of the majority of forms which occur in and near the 

 Nepal Valley. 



In the following list reference is made under every species to the 

 ample descriptions given in Dr. Dobson's works. Detailed descriptions 

 would therefore be quite superfluous in this paper ; but I have endea- 

 voured to include such information as is available, from Indian sources, 

 regarding the habits of the animals. It is matter for regret that our 

 knowledge of the habits of bats is so scant. 



I. Pteropus medius. 



Pteropus mediuSi Temminck, Monogr. Mammal, i, p. 176 (1827) ; Dobson, Mt)no. 

 gr. Asiat. Chiroptera, p. 18 (1876); Cat. Chir. Brit. Mus. p. 51 (1878). 

 Pteropus leucocephalusj Hodgson, J. A. S. B. vol. iv, p. 700 (1835). 



Mr. Hodgson appears to have obtained a number of specimens of 

 this bat in Nepal, as he presented four examples collected there to the 

 British Museum. The type of Pteropus leucocephalus measured, length 

 of head and body 10 inches, and expanse 46 ; the weight of the animal 

 was 22 ounces. Dr. Dobson mentions that all these Nepalese examples 

 have the head and under surface paler than usual, and that one speci- 

 men has an abnormal additional upper molar, immediately behind the 

 third molar. 



Mr. Hodgson informs us that this species never appears in 

 the central region of Nepal save in autumn, when it comes in 

 large bodies to plunder the ripe fruit in gardens. So far as the 

 Nepal Valley is concerned, this remark hardly accords with my two 

 years' experience of that portion of the country ; for I was never able to 

 obtain a specimen of Pteropus medius there. Of late years, at all events, 

 this animal can only be regarded as a straggler to the Nepal Valley, 

 and, whenever it does make its appearance there, I have little doubt that 

 it merely travels about a dozen miles from the low and hot valley of the 

 Trisul Ganga, immediately to the north-west of Nepal. Its route to a 

 point so far in the interior of the Nepal mountains would naturally be 

 along the easy gradient offered by the valley of the Gandak river, and 

 its eastern-branch up to Nowakot (or Nayakot). 



An interesting note will be found in Dr. J. Anderson's * Catalogue 

 of the Mammalia in the Indian Museum ' (1881, p. 101) on some semi- 

 migratory movements of Pteropus mediusy in immense numbers, during 

 autumn. 



