1881] 



PalaoUthic Finds in South India. 



277 



Smaller Cinder heaps. 



40. Rocks S. of Kapgal 4| miles N.E. ofBellary. 



41. Kuriknppa Hill 18 „ W.N.W.of do. 



42. Kakballa hill fort of) 25 „ W. 5°N. of do. 



43. Ditto do. Saddle j 



Captain Newbold mentions some cinder mounds on Kapgal Hill 

 which if still in existence escaped my attention. The great cinder 

 mound at Nimbapnram a little to the N. E . of the ruins of Hampi 

 (Vijayanagar) , I have not yet visited. Like the Budikanama mound, it 

 is regarded by the natives as the cremation heap of one of the great 

 Rakshasas. It is singular that Newbold, though so keen an observer in 

 many branches of science, should have so completely overlooked the 

 celts and many other Neolithic implements lying so freely scattered 

 about on Kapgal Hill and not unfrequently at Budikanama. It is more 

 than probable, from his descriptions of the geology of the Bellary 

 country, that he must have examined pretty closely many of the other hills 

 in that quarter where the Neolithic settlements now referred to occur. 

 Only one explanation seems possible to account for so able an archaeologist 

 missing these finds, namely, that, his eye being untrained and his atten- 

 tion not being awake to this class of prehistoric facts, he passed them 

 by unheeded. It was not till many years after his time that the great 

 stir in the scientific world caused by the recognition (by Lyell, Prestwich, 

 Evans, Falconer, and the great leaders among French and German 

 geologists) of the true value of Boucher des Perthes Palaeolithic finds 

 extended to India, and was followed by the discovery of the Palaeolithic 

 quartzite implements of Palavaram and the Attrampakkam nullah, 

 which really started prehistoric research in this country. 



The following list enumerates the varieties of implements made of 

 stone which have been found in the Bellary- Anantapur Neolithic settle- 

 ments. 



body narrow 

 do. do. 

 do. do. 

 do. broad 

 e. do. do. 

 /. battle-axe type 

 g. cutting edge, an abrupt wedge, 

 do. a rounded wedge, 



whole body worked square. 

 2. Chisels... a. body long and narrow. 



do. much wider than cutting edge, 

 do. increasing backward to a thick butt ; edge 

 transverse to general plane of body. 



Celts. 



a, 

 b. 

 c. 

 d. 



and round — butt end pointed, 

 and do. 

 and flat 

 and round 

 and flat 



do. 

 do. 

 do. 

 do. 

 do. 



blunt. 



broad. 



pointed. 



broad. 



blunt. 



