14 MALLET: GEOLOGY OF DARJILING AND WESTERN DUARS. 



Chapter II. — Damuda Series. 

 For an account of the Damudas as typically developed in their 

 T ' 1 D muda f una ^ered and comparatively undisturbed condition, 

 Kamganj, as ^ ne y occur m the Damiida valley for instance, 



I must refer to the various papers already published in these Memoirs. 

 Mr. W. T. Blanford, in his report on the Kaniganj field, the largest and 

 most important of these basins, and that in which the character of the 

 rocks were first established, gives the following summary of the minor 

 groups into which the Damiidas are divisible : — * 



Damuda Series. T £ C f5. ss 



r Coarse and fine sandstones, mostly rVertebraria ; Trizy--\ 

 false-bedded and felspathic — I gia ; Glossopteris ; [ 

 Raniganj Group" ...\ shales— coal-seams. The latter «{ Pecopteris ; ScMzo- \- 5,000 

 frequently continuous over con- J neura ; Phyllotheca, j 



L siderable areas. L $c, : all plants. J 



fFossils abundant,-} 

 Ironstone shales . J Black carbonaceous shales, with nu- I though not well pre- I ^ m 

 ' merous bands of clay -ironstone. i served- Glossopte- i 



^ ris y Sfc. J 



f Coarse conglomerates, with white^j Glossopteris . Verte . 



r ~ , , , sandstones, numerous coal-seams | , „ .„„ mJ ,„,j f 



Lower Damudas t ••• -{ . )■ or aria ; Zeugopnyl- ' 2,000 



of very irregular character, thin- 7-. ? o. \ 



L ning out at short distances. J 



The Damudas in the Eastern Himalayas occur, as already explained, 



along the southern side of the Darjiling synclinal, 

 Darjiling Damiidas. 



constituting a narrow band between the Daliog 



slates and the Tertiaries, from Pankabari to near Dalingkot. Like all the 



other rock-groups, they have undergone great crushing and disturbance, 



and are tilted up on edge. Although subject to many minor contortions, 



they dip as a whole towards the north-north-west, generally at high 



angles, or from 40° to 90°. As might be expected, they have not 



been subjected to such disturbance without great change in their litho- 



logical characters. Frequently the sandstones have been converted into 



* Vol. Ill, p, 31. f Now called Barakars. 



( 14 ) 



