20 



WYNNE : TRANS-INDUS SALT REGION, KOHAT DISTRICT. 



the ranges, instead of finding the sandstones of the valleys regularly 

 underlaid by older layers, they are, where not actually faulted, very 

 commonly inverted, being inclined at strongly marked angles the wrong 

 way, as it were, dipping towards the axes of the anticlinal ranges, and in 

 some cases absolutely reposing for large spaces, in inverted horizontal 

 order in such a way that the lowest rock of this portion of the series, 

 the nummulitic limestone, has been found (just outside the limits of the 

 district mapped) for the width of more than half a mile, forming an 

 undulating horizontal cap, resting upon rocks which are absolutely newer 

 than itself \* 



* The section here close to Koteyne on the Kohat Taui is so expressive of the compli- 

 cations of the district that it is given helovv. The inversion extends along the strike for 

 more than seven miles. 



Pig. 2. Section near Koteyne on the Kohdt Taui, about one and a half miles. 

 2. Gypsum and gypseous series. 3. Red clay zone. 4 (a). Lower nummulitic. 4 (6). Nummulitic lime- 

 stone. 5. Tertiary sandstone series. 



The beds on both sides of the gypsum are not the same exactly, there being but 

 some 25 feet of purplish red clay seen to the southward, containing a flaggy purple band, 

 a green band with malachite stainings or films, and becoming selenitic for 4 feet near the 

 gypsum, with thin fibrous limestone layers having cone-in-cone structure. To the north, 

 these latter layers are much more developed, overlying a bed of greenish shale with concre- 

 tionary yellow marly nodules of limestone. The cone-in-cone beds contain lenticular 

 bituminous patches, smelling strongly of petroleum. Greenish shales are more largely present 

 here also, and contain flaggy limestone layers, with traces of plant fragments in the clays 

 or shales. These beds are succeeded on this side by red clays which immediately overlie 

 the gypsum southward, but are more largely developed here. The thin and shaly lower 

 part of the strong nummulitic limestone succeeds to the southward, overlying the more 

 solid limestone in inverted order, this limestone itself resting upon the tertiary sandstones 

 as shown in the sketch, though really the latter are the newest beds. 



( 12* ) 



