NtTMMULlTlC ELLIPSOID PROM MANZULLI TO BAN DA 109 



The whole of the gypsum exposure here is much disturbed, undulat- 

 ing gray clays being among the lowest beds seen. 



Disturbance in gypsum. t 



These clays present strong interstratifications with 



the gypsum, but much of the latter gives no sign of its arrangement, 

 though, on the whole, there appears to be a tendency among the undula- 

 tions of the mass to dip in a southerly direction. 



The Tiri and Bahadur Khel valleys in this vicinity, respectively 



north and south of the ran^e, are open, the former 

 The Tiri and Baha- . . ° r 



dur Kb. 61 valleys north particularly presenting numerous detrital terrace- 



and south of section. _ 



like scarped hills. Notwithstanding these detrital 

 accumulations, and probably resultant from the action which scarped 

 them, there are numerous exposures of the rocks below, either in stream 

 valleys or projecting reef-like through the surface, the angles of inclina- 

 tion of their strata being frequently smaller at some distance from [than 

 close up to the hill ranges or on their flanks. In the Tiri valley the 

 beds have, on the whole, rather an older aspect than to the south in the 

 Bahadur Khel country, towards the centre of which valley pebbly beds 

 and their debris are sometimes met with. As a whole, the beds of both 

 valleys may be described as a great accumulation of gray sandstones and 

 red clays, the sandstones becoming harder and often of a purple tinge, 

 below, near the nummulitic limestones. In the latter situation they 



often contain somewhat indefinite small and frag- 

 Plants and fossil bones. 



mentary plant remains, while occasional pieces 



of fossil bones may be met with almost anywhere. 



Soorthung or Soortung Sir (Surtung) is the name of one of the 



most lofty peaks in the country (4,329 + 70 = 

 Interior of ellipsoid 



near Soorthung (Stir- 4,399 feet), and certainly the highest on this range. 



tung) Sir. 



In the broken lower ground forming the interior 



of the ellipsoid near it, one of the summits is formed by another de- 

 tached group of the nummulitic rocks faulted into its present position, 

 and occurring as an isolated patch upon the gypsum series. In this 



( 213 ) 



