NUMMULITIC ELLIPSOID OF JATTA. 129 



gypsum close by smelled strongly of petroleum, as did also some of 

 the clearest salt far below the dark bituminous upper layer. 



What may have been fragmentary portions of this or similar bands 

 Petroleum also in °f dark carbonaceous-looking and bituminous clay 

 were seen also in connexion with the salt of those 

 quarries on the northern side of the ellipsoid. One of these overlying a 

 corner of the Thathara quarry absolutely stank of petroleum, and in this 

 and other quarries near it and further west cracks in the salt had been 

 filled either with such bituminous clay or with a sandy deposit sometimes 

 evidently washed in from above. Other fragmentary bands of alum or 

 bituminous shale and petroleum -smelling gypsum occur to the eastward 

 near where the Ismail Khel river crosses the ellipsoid to join the 

 Tiri Taui. The diffusion of petroleum through the salt and gypsum 

 here is remarkable. 



To the southward of the alum shale pits there is at one place much 

 Confusion close to confusion close to the southern rib of the lime- 

 southern border. stone, red clay, greenish clays, gypsum, and the 



nummulitic limestone being jumbled together as if portions of the in- 

 terior rocks had at one time slipped or been pushed outwards across the 

 limestone. At a short distance, however, the series is seen nearly verti- 

 cal, but in proper order, the tertiary sandstones outside, then about 50 

 or 60 feet of the nummulitic limestone, behind which are greenish clays 

 or shales in contact with red clays thicker than the limestone, and con- 

 taining purple sandstones. At the northern or lower side, the gypsum and 

 gypseous debris of the interior adjoin the latter, and further relations 

 are lost. 



At that part of the ellipsoid where the northern rim of nummulitic 

 Nummulitic limestone limestone is cut out, and the Ismail Khel river 



cut out by fault; and enterg th gyp Sam the junction of the tertiary 



shells in tertiary lower OJ r ' ° J 



sandstones. sandstones and the faulted limestone is peculiar. 



r ( 233 ) 



