136 WYNNE: TRANS-INDUS SALT REGION, KOHAT DISTRICT. 



where there is a very peculiar layer made up of small slightly flat- 

 tened calcareous concretions exactly like, if not exactly the same as, 

 one very often to be observed close to or just above the limestone, but 

 at this place separated from it by about 100 feet of the lower tertiary 

 sandstones, the bone beds and the layer containing both bones and 

 shells. Hence it may be assumed with an amount of accuracy depend- 

 ing on the identity of this peculiar layer that the basal beds of the 

 sandstone series, though generally contemporaneous, cannot be asserted 

 to be strictly so within narrower limits than the time necessary for the 

 deposition of a hundred feet of rocks. 



The red clay zone below the limestone is seen, but can hardly be 



said to show itself strongly, here, and the whole of 

 Red zone. 



the interior of the ellipsoid forming the southern 



side of the ridge is enormously covered with gypseous and reddish- 

 earthy debris partly re-arranged naturally into a recent gypseous rock 

 or tufa, and partly artificially arranged by the long continued operations 

 of the quarrymen in extracting the underlying salt, (see appendix) . 



The gypsum presents the usual characters, being partially opaque 



and solid, white-gray or blotchy, and more fre- 

 Gypsum. 



quently compact or granular than crystalline and 



translucent. The lower portion of it resting on the salt was found to 

 be black and bituminous, and associated with some blackish clay like 

 rotten alum shale, presenting carbonaceous, ferruginous, and gypseous 

 appearances, and containing fragments of hard dark limestone derived 

 Salt and gypsum inter- from layers in the gypsum. Interstratified with 

 stratified. dark coloured gypseous rock there was seen at 



one place a 2-foot layer of white salt, and in another as if lower than 

 this, pale-gray, stony-looking gypsum, and a hard crystalline rock 

 resembling a mixture of gypsum and limestone, in which were found 

 some very small clear crystals of Anhydrite. 



The stratification marked by these alternations was nearly hori- 

 zontal, and being near the axis would coincide with the anticlinal 

 ( 240 ) 



