HILLY RANGES AND THEIR NEIGHBOURHOOD FROM BAHADUR KHEL, &C. 143 



the limestone, at another this sandstone with a thin dark-gray clay layer 



between. The surface of the uneven limestone does not look like one 



of erosion, and the appearance seems due to the effect of pressure 



upon rocks of unequal hardness. 



The adjacent nummulitic limestone is of very light colour and 



T » .. . contains numerous fossils. Interstratified with it 



Junction or limestone 



and sandstone. are tw0 red and yellowish clay bands (Fig. 37) ; 



the upper, 4 feet thick, and the lower, thicker like it, but containing 

 lumpy calcareous nodules. Next to the strong band of limestone 

 is a 3 -foot layer of gray shale passing into the top of the red clay 

 zone which is here marked by another 3 -foot band of gray and purple 

 variegated clay. For a great thickness below, this smooth, bright red 



a. Nummulitic limestone, b. Gray sandstone, c. Red and gray sandstones and clays. 



clay occurs, with few traces of stratification nearly vertical and inclined 



somewhat to the south if anything. It is here and there covered with a 



« \ t . . white efflorescence, and not far from the top 



Sandstone layers in 7 r 



red clay zone. contains a well marked band, % feet 6 inches thick, 



of purple sandstone, in parts conglomeratic, from small quartzite pebbles. 



Below the red clay, in the middle of the section, are apparently two 



bands of nearly vertical gypsum enclosing between them a confused 



mass of greenish-gray clay or ( Sheen hour a ' with great detached blocks 



or masses of gypsum (one of which measured 30 feet across). Within 



this clay there is also exposed some of the rock-salt, its relations being 



very obscure, having little connexion with the arrangement of the clay 



and being partly concealed by debris. These two gypsum bands have 



quite the same character and nearly the same 

 Gypsum. 



thickness, and, moreover, as the whole section is 



repeated on the south, it becomes evident that they once formed the sides 



of an anticlinal curve. 



The red clay zone is some 40 or 50 feet thicker on the southern side 



of the axis than on the north, and the purple sand- 

 South side of section. 



stone band is here represented by two similar 



( 247 ) 



