56 
S. 1. Smith — Crustaceans of the Atlantic Coast. 
sand and mud, fine sand and red algae, stones and red algaj, and rocks. 
Gulf of St. Lawrence !, “ common everywhere in shallow water and 
at low-water mark on most sandy beaches” (Whiteaves). Caribou 
Island, Straits of Belle Isle (Packard). From the northern part of 
the Norwegian coast (Sars) to the Baltic (Mobius), North Sea (Metz- 
ger), British Islands! (Norman), and south to the north shores of the 
Mediterranean (Ileller, et ah). 
This species is found in greatest abundance in shallow water and on 
sandy or weedy bottoms, but occurs also on muddy, shelly and rocky 
bottoms, and extends at least to about 50 fathoms in depth.* It 
varies very much in coloration according to the location in which it 
is found. Upon the exposed and light-colored sandy shores of 
southern New England, specimens are invariably translucent and 
very pale in color so as to closely resemble the surface upon and 
beneath which they live, while upon dark-colored muddy bottoms 
they are very much darker in color. Specimens from a dark-colored 
muddy inlet of Vineyard Sound and others from dark muddy and 
sandy bottom at Halifax, Nova Scotia, are very dark indeed, the 
pigment spots covering nearly the entire surface, and the caudal 
appendages becoming almost black toward the tips. 
Crangon boreas J. C. Fabricius ex Phipps. 
Massachusetts Bay!, off Salem, 22 fathoms, gravelly bottom, 1877. 
Stellwageu’s Bank !, fifteen to seventeen miles south-southeast from 
Cape Ann, 23 to 33 fathoms, gravel, stones and sponges, 1878,— com- 
mon and of large size, one female being 63 mm in length. Casco Bay !, 
from stomachs of codfish taken on West Cod Ledge, and a single 
specimen dredged near the Ledge in 10 to 20 fathoms, rocky bottom, 
1873. Bay of Fundy!, occasionally taken among rocks at low 
water ! ; common in 5 to 25 fathoms, rocky, gravelly, and shelly bot- 
toms ; and abundant at special localities in Johnson’s and South 
* According to my own observations, this species is very rare at depths greater 
than 45 fathoms and I have no positive evidence of its occurrence below 48 fathoms. 
There is, however, in the collections made off Cape Ann, in 1878, a single, small speci- 
men, unquestionably of this species, which is labeled as having been dredged in 140 
fathoms, soft mud, about forty miles east by south from Cape Ann. The specimen 
was alone in a vial when received and there may have been some mistake in the label- 
ing, or it may have been taken among floating sea-weeds. My statement (Invertebrate 
animals of Vineyard Sound, Report of the U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 
part i, p. 550 (256)) that this species ‘‘extends from low water to 60 or 70 fathoms,” 
was probably carelessly made from memory. Kingsley (Proceedings Acad. Nat. Sci. 
Philadelphia, 1878, p. 89 (1)), states that it is “common in 70 fathoms,” without, 
however, giving any special locality or authority. 
