316 
A. E. Verritt '■ — North American Cephalopods. 
modified in the larger males. Of the inner row, a somewhat smaller 
number of suckers show distinct alteration, and these are less exten- 
sively altered ; their pedicels are swollen and their cups reduced, 
but not to so great an extent, and usually none of the cups are 
entirely absent. 
In young males, with the mantle about 70 ram to 90 mm , (young of the 
previous year, or perhaps of the first year, when three to five months 
old,) these modifications of the suckers begin to appear, at first very 
indistinctly, by a slight enlargement of the bases of the pedicels and 
a scarcely noticeable decrease in the size of the cups. In specimens 
with the mantle 100 mm to 130 mm long (probably young of the previous 
year, nine months to a year old) the modification of the suckers, 
though much less marked than in the adults, is sufficiently distinct, 
the pedicels having become distinctly longer and stouter, while the 
cups are evidently reduced in size, but none of them are abortive in 
such specimens. 
Loligo Pealei, var. borealis Yerriu. 
Plate XXXYII, figure 2 (pen). Plate XLI, figure 1, (anatomy). 
Since this variety was described I have had opportunities to exam- 
ine a much larger series of specimens from Cape Ann. These show 
very plainly that this form passes by intermediate gradations, into 
the typical form, so that it cannot be considered as anything more 
than a local or geographical variety. The differences in the propor- 
tion of the fin to the mantle, noticed in the original specimens, do not 
hold good, with a larger series. The only varietal character, of much 
importance, is the relatively smaller suckers, and this is much less 
marked in most of the later examples than in the former ones, and 
is a character that varies greatly in the specimens from every locality.* 
In the original specimens the ‘ pen’ (PI. XXXVII, fig. 2) while 
having the general form of that of L. Pealei , tapers more gradually 
anteriorly, and has a narrower, more tapered, sharper and stiffer 
anterior tip. The variations in proportion are sufficiently indicated 
by the measurements given in tables A, B and C, in which those 
specimens designated as 2 G. to 5 G. were measured while fresh. 
The one marked An. $ is from the lot originally described as variety 
borealis , and illustrates the abnormally small size of the suckers. 
* Probably those with abnormally small tentacular suckers are instances in which 
the arms, the clubs, or the suckers have been lost and afterwards reproduced, as 
explained below. 
