98 



Ka Han a Kapa. 



It may well be believed that a pulp, more or less mucilaginous, would stick 

 both to the heaters and to the boards; indeed the grooves were often clogged, and for 

 use required an instrument to plow out the grooves. Such a tool is shown in Fig. 46, 

 No. 4043, the lower edge being sharp enough to fill the shallow groove; the upper 



part is formed for a convenient handle. So few 

 of these have survived that it may well be sup- 

 posed that a sharp stick or edge of bambu were 

 the more common cleaners. One of these cleaners 



FIG. 47. GROOVE CLEAXERS. • • j^l t -J AT /T?- ._\ T*! 1 1„ 



' IS m the Leiden ]\luseum (Fig. 47). 1 he boards 



were grooved on both sides (and in one example on the long edges also), and the 

 fineness of the grooving differed on the two sides. The sizes of the heavy kauila 

 boards in this Museum are as follows (the boards are shown in Fig. 44): — 



Papa Hole Kua Ula in the Bishop Museum. 



Museum 



No, 



Length. 



Width. 



Thickness. 



Grooving per 



iuch. 



745 

 746 



747 



384 

 33-3 

 33-5 



10.3 

 7.8-8.1 

 8.3-S.5 



.5-1.1 



I. -1.8 



•7- -9 



1 1. 7-1 1.8 

 13. 7-14.6 

 11.5-11.6 



and 

 and 

 and 



I5-2-I5-3 

 16 -16.9 



I4-6-I5-3 



749 



52.5 



4 4-8 



.6-1 



12 



and 



14-3 



750 



751 



42.4 

 324 



10 



8.4-8.5 



.9-1.1 

 .4- .8 



12. 3-12. 5 

 9.S-10 



and 

 and 



15-7 

 13.S-14.3 



752 



754 



30 

 36.8 



7-7 

 4-I4-5 



.6- .8 

 •5- -9 



9-3 



12. 5-13 



and 

 and 



I4-3-I4-5 

 15.8-16 



755 



29 



5-1 



■5-1 



12 -12.3 



and 



17. 3-17.8 



7704 

 7746 

 9410 



35-3 

 364 

 38.7 



6.6 

 7-7.1 

 6.7 



.2-1.1 

 •3- -5 

 •3- -9 



11.2-11.3 

 II. 8-12 



11.5-11.7 



and 

 and 

 and 



I5-3-I5-5 



15 -15-1 

 19.3-19.7 



Half a board. 



Half a board. 



c; 



ear 



bord 



er. 



Before leaving the actual manufa(?i;ure of kapa, plain and unfigured, it will be well 

 to note the effect of the figures cut on the beaters on the tissue itself, and it appears that 

 they cause not merel}- a "water mark" to appear bv transmitted light, as shown in Figs. 

 48,49, which are impressions on the plate b}' light transmitted through the actual kapa. 



In the first figure (48) the beaten fibres are shown unmarked, and the inter- 

 lacing of the fibres appears complete in this, the thinnest of the kapa made hy 

 Hawaiian s. A much thicker specimen is shown in the second figure (49), distinctl}' 

 marked with the koeaii pattern cut on the beater. The skill of the worker is shown 

 in the exactness of the overlapping blows of the beater. It gives much the effect of 

 woven cloth, and when the pattern is Itoopai this effect is heightened. It is not diffi- 

 cult to see that the fabric cut into vallej-s and ridges, would be more flexible in one 



