114 



Ka Hana Kapa. 



group. The horizontal length of this cup is seven inches, and this will serve as scale 

 for the other objects. As mav be supposed few kapas were stamped in monochrome, 

 and several paint saucers were required by the artist, and at c/ were \.\\o polio lioohiu 

 or cups for dve. The pestle or muller, r, has radiating grooves on its face, and is used 

 to grind m-uialiu or charcoal {poliakit kui iianahit) in the mortar ending the group. 

 The ochre mixed well with the oil, especially with that of the kamani {Calophyllnni 

 Iiwpliylltit)i), dried quicklv and made a ver}- durable color. The charcoal was in 

 great demand for giving a gray tint to the white kapa, for which purpose it was 

 applied in a small bag of kapa much as indigo was sewed up in a cotton bag with us 



FIG. 71. COCONUT AND BAG FOR CHARCOAL. 



b\- the laundress of former times (2984 in Fig. 71). Tlie sources of the charcoal 

 were various, and doubtless each of the brighter kapa printers had his, or rather her, 

 preference, much as the chief printers of these modern days have their decided choice 

 in printer's ink. I was, many years ago, when I had a library, showing a folio of the 

 early years of the sixteenth century to a printer who ranked high among the great 

 printers of that day, and he sadh' exclaimed, "Oh that we could get such brilliant ink 

 as that now!" It would seem that the inks of the present day had attained great 

 perfection, but the}- are not 3'et four hundred years old. 



The kukui nut roasted, as some roast coffee, was a favorite source of iiana/iii, 

 and in the coconut figured above are the remains of a few of these nuts as they were 

 left by the old Hawaiian printer. In other islands the smoke of the burning kukui, 

 so universal a candle among the people whose huts the noble trees shaded, would have 



