i8 Memoirs Bcrnice P. Bishop Mitscnni. 



HAWAII. 



The largest and youngest island of the Hawaiian group with three huge 

 mountain masses rising to a height of nearly 14,000 feet and another formidable 

 mountain mass nuich older than the three volcanoes mentioned, harbors the 

 largest number of species of PritcJiardia. The Kohala mountains are deeply 

 intersected by numerous ra\-ines on the windward side, while the summit is a tlat 

 plateau with a very stunted vegetation and dotted with volcanic cones covered 

 with verdure. It is on this plateau that we find PritcJiardia laiiigcra scattered 

 usuallv as single individuals. It does, however, extend into the dense forests 

 back of Awini on the windward side. So far this is the only species recorded 

 from the Kohala mountains. It was first discovered by Lydgate and was 

 re-collected by me in 1910 above Awini, and recently (March, 1920 ) on the high 

 plateau back of W'aipio \'alley at an elevation of 4,000 feet. 



Nearest to this locality on the slopes of Mauna Kea facing the Kohala 

 mountains between Alana and Honokaa, I discovered a species allied to Prifcli- 

 ardia laiiigcra. It is a taller species with very large fruits. Unfortunately it is 

 on the verge of being exterminated. Only a few individuals are still extant and 

 thev are in a most precarious condition. The forest, their natural environment, 

 has been wholly destroyed, not a vestige of their former associates being left, 

 save a few dead trunks and scattered branches. I discovered this interesting 

 species in 1909 but at the time of my visit none of the three specimens then 

 seen bore either flowers or fruits. I made a special trip to this locality eleven 

 years later and succeeded in locating a single individual which is here photograph- 

 icallv reproduced. (See PI. XVI, A.) It is described in this paper for the first 

 time under the name PritcJiardia iiioiifis-kca. 



Another very interesting species which occurs as numerous individuals 

 throughout the forests above and below Glenwood between the slopes of ]\Iauna 

 Loa and ?\Iauna Kea at an elevation of about 2,000 feet is PritcJiardia Bcccariana, 

 first discovered by me in 1914. (See PI. XI, .1.) It is a very glabrous species, 

 and ])erhaps the tallest found in these islands. It inhabits the dense rain forests, 

 which are mostly composed of Mctrosidcros colliiia polyuwrpJia, and towers some- 

 times above these trees. Its dimensions are huge, young leaves measuring ten 

 feet in diameter. At a somewhat higher elevation, about 3,000 feet, this species 

 is represented by a variety of smaller dimension in every respect, but otherwise 

 not materially different from it. It is described by Doctor Beccari as var. 

 Giffardiana. The next locality where the genus is again represented is on the 

 southern slopes of ]Mauna Loa in the rain forests of Kau above Naalehu at an 

 elevation of 3,000 feet. It was discovered by me in 1912 and described by 

 Beccari as PritcJiardia criostacJiya. It is related to PritcJiardia iiioiitis-Jcca and 

 PritcJiardia laiiigcra but differs from both in many respects. 



In South Kona, also on the southern slopes of Mauna Loa but in the 

 drier belt where rain is much less frecjuent than at Glenwood and in the Naalehu 



