Sulliz'aji — Saiiwan Somatology 97 



For the present it seems wiser to take into consideration the totahty of characters 

 available. To do otherwise is to assume the solution of our problem in advance. 

 Our problem is not "On the assumption that hair form is an absolute test of race, 

 to what race does the Samoan belong?" but rather, "In the light of all the available 

 facts where shall we place the Samoan in the scale of mankind?" 



^^llere we place him will also vary with our conception of the relationships 

 of the various groups of mankind to one another. The prevailing classifications of 

 mankind are the results of two schools of workers. One school is engaged in 

 separating mankind into as many groups as possible, and the other in attempting 

 to point out relationships and to include all mankind in the fewest groups possible. 

 Since the same material is necessary to accomplish both of these ends, the work is 

 equally valuable. In the end we shall doubtless concur in a happy medium. 



For myself, I find no serious difficulty in assigning the greater proportion 

 of mankind to one of four great races : the European or white, the Mongoloid or 

 yellow-brown, the Negro, and the Australian. 



With this conception of races and the material at hand as a basis I have 

 attempted to analyze the somatological characters of the Samoans and to designate 

 the race to which each character pointed. This designation of race does not mean 

 that I believe or infer that the particular character referred to has had such an 

 origm, but that, considering the range of each character for mankind as a whole, 

 the detail in question most nearly approaches the average of the race designated. 

 Naturally, many characters which vary indiscriminately from race to race and 

 even within a given race ha^'e been omitted. In this list are included stature, 

 cephalic index, and facial index, as well as several other characters on which we 

 have insufficient data or knowledge for such determinations. The list follows : 



Table XLIV. Analysis of Samoan Ch.vracteristics 

 Racial Character Affinities 



Skin color - - Mongoloid 



Hair texture European 



Hair form - European 



Hair color - ]\Iongoloid-European 



Eye color .-Mongoloid 



Conjunctiva - Mongoloid-Negroid 



Amount of beard — - —.Mongoloid 



Hair on chest Mongoloid 



Hair on arms - European-Mongoloid 



Hair on legs - European-IMongoloid 



Absence of eye fold European 



Nasal bridge ..- -- ]\Iongoloid-European 



Nostrils Mongoloid-Negroid 



Lips Mongoloid 



Prognathism European 



Incisor teeth - European 



Face width Mongoloid 



Bigonial diameter Mongoloid 



Jugo-f rental index Mongoloid-European 



Cephalo-facial index Mongoloid 



Nasal index Mongoloid 



Ear height Mongoloid 



Chin Mongoloid 



Total Mongoloid 11 



European 5 



Mongoloid-European 5 



Mongoloid-Negroid 2 



[ig] 



