Hitchcock — The Glasses of Hawaii 191 



10. Panicum maximum Jacq. Coll. Bot. i 76. 1786. Guinea grass. 



Plants perennial, tufted ; culms robust, erect, glabrous, 1 to 2 meters tall, the nodes 

 usually densely hirsute ; sheaths papillose-hirsute to glabrous, usually pubescent on the collar ; 

 ligule 4 to 6 mm. long, stiffly and densely ciliate; blades erect or ascending, flat, 30 to 75 cm. 

 long, I to 3.5 cm. wide, scabrous on the margin, glabrous on the surfaces or hirsute above near 

 the base ; panicle 20 to 50 cm. long, about one-third as wide, densely flowered, the long, rather 

 stiflf branches ascending, naked at base, the lower in whorls, the axils pilose, the branchlets 

 short, appressed, bearing more or less clustered short-pediceled spikelets ; spikelets about 3 mm. 

 long, oblong-ellipsoid, glabrous ; first glume one-third as long as spikelet, obtuse ; second glume 

 and sterile lemma subequal, slightly exceeding the fruit, thin, the lemma with a staminate flower; 

 fruit about 2.5 mm. long, transversely rugose (fig. 78). 



Open ground along road; introduced. Originally described from Guade- 

 loupe where it was introduced from Africa. 

 Oahu: Fort Shaffer, Hitchcock 13858. 



11. Panicum nephelophilum Gaud, in Freyc. Voy. Uran. Bot. 411. 1830. 



fPanicuui psciidogrostis Trin. Gram. Pan. 197. 1826. 



Panicuin havaiensc Reichardt, Sitzungsb. Akad. Wiss. Math. Naturw. (Wien) 76^:723. 

 1878. 



Plants perennial, tufted; culms erect, glabrous, usually i to 1.5 meters tall; sheaths 

 papillose-pilose or glabrate ; ligule a short membrane about i mm. long, densely ciliate with 

 hairs i mm. long; blades flat, glabrous, scabrous, in some specimens ciliate on the margin, 

 mostly 15 to 30 cm. long, 8 to 25 mm. wide; panicle open, in well-developed plants very 

 large, as much as 50 cm. long and 30 cm. wide, the branches stiffly ascending, the lower in 

 whorls, the a.xils often pubescent; spikelets narrow, 2 to 2.5 mm. long, glabrous, appressed along' 

 the branchlets on pedicels about their own length ; glumes equal, the first acuminate, 

 5-nerved, the second acute, 7-nerved ; sterile lemma a little shorter than the glumes, glabrous, 

 about 9-nerved, the palea ovate, nearly half as long as the lemma ; fertile lemma acute, about 

 1.7 mm. long (fig. 81). 



Dr. Stapf has sent me a drawing of the Gaudichaud specimen. The sheaths are pilose. 



Panicum pseudogrostis Trin., from "Ins. Sandw. (Chamisso herb.)" may belong to 

 Panicum nephelophilum but the description does not agree in all respects. It is described as 

 having a large panicle and leaves a foot long, and one-half inch wide, "hirtula". The pedicels 

 are described as hispidulous, and the fertile lemma as having two appendages at base as in 

 Panicum (Ichnanthus) almadcnse. The last statement does not apply to any of our species and 

 may be an error. The pedicels of this species and the next are mostly glabrous, sometimes 

 sparsely scaberulous, but not hispidulous. The blades of P. nephelophilum are glabrous and of 

 P. kaalacnsc, velvety pubescent, but not hirtulous. Panicum pseudogrostis will be uncertain 

 until the type is examined. 



Moist or dry woods, mostly at upper ahitudes. Originally described from 

 "Insulis Sandwicensibus." 

 Kauai: Kaholuamano, Rock 12638; Hitchcock 15284, 15436; Heller 2850; Hale- 



manu, Forbes 820; ^^'aimea, 2000 to 3000 feet, Mann & Brigham 300; 



Searle in 1900. 

 Oahu: Mt. Kaala, Hitchcock 14014. 

 Molokai : Without locality, Forbes 379. 

 Lanai : Munro 272, 334, 467. 



12. Panicum kaalaense sp. nov. 



Plants perennial, tufted; culms erect, more or less pubescent or villous, 60 to 150 cm. tall, 

 the nodes villous ; sheaths villous ; ligule membranaceous, i mm. long, extending into cilia i mm. 



[93I 



