Hitchcock — The Grasses of Hazcaii 213 



scaberulous, containing a more strongly scaberulous palea and. sometimes, stamens ; fertile 

 lemma acuminate, cartilaginous, smooth below, ner\'ed and scaberulous above: caryopsis oblong- 

 oval, a little compressed, 3 mm. long, about 2 mm. wide (fig. 106). 



TypQ in the U. S. Xational Herbarium, no. 836482. collected in sandy soil 

 at Waikiki, near Honolultt, Hawaiian islands. June 19, 1916, bv A. S. Hitch- 

 cock (no. 1 3801). 



Hillebrand'^ refers this species to ('. cchinatus, but parts of the spikelet, 

 such as the scaberulous sterile palea, are slightly different. C. InUcbrandiamts 

 differs from C. ccliiiiatus also in the villous or pilose foliage. The species mav be 

 the same as C. laniflonts Steud."" from Tahiti, of which I have seen no specimeii. 

 The description indicates a much taller plant, having very minute sparse pubescence 

 on sheaths and blades, and a densely lanate axis of the raceme and densely plumose 

 burs. 



Besides the Hawaiian specimens there are in the Xational Herbarium two 

 others, one from Easter Island (Fuentes 9) and one from Tahiti (Aloore 220). 



x\ common weed in waste places and cultivated soil ; apparently introduced. 

 Oahu: Pass west of Schofield Barracks, Hitchcock 13960. Honolulu. Hitchcock 



14068, Forbes 102 1. ^^'aikiki, Heller 1964; Hitchcock 13801. AMthout 



locality, ]\Iann & Brigham i. 

 ]Molokai: Pukoo, Hitchcock 15056. 

 Lanai: \A'est end. Hitchcock 147 16. 

 Hawaii: Kau Desert, Forbes 393. Kilauea Crater, Hitchcock 14610. 



Sugar Cane { Sacchaniin oflici)ianiiii L. Sp. 54. 1753 1 is extensively cultivated in 

 the Hawaiian islands and sometimes persists but does not spread. It is a tall stout grass. 2 to 5 

 meters tall or even taller, with solid juicy stems, broad tlat blades, and large plumelike panicles, 

 30 to 60 cm. long, with numerous small spikelets about 3 mm. long, each surrounded at the 

 base by a tuft of silky hairs two or three limes as long as the spikelet. 



45. ISCHAEMUM L. 



Spikelets in pairs, along a straight disarticulating rachis. one sessile and perfect, the other 

 pediceled and usually perfect though not always fruitful ; fertile lemma of both spikelets awned, 

 the awn usually developed. Annual or perennial grasses with 2, or rarely more, racemes in 

 pairs at the summit of the culms. 



I. Ischaemum byrone (Trin.). 



Spodiopogoii byroiiis Trin. Mem. Acad. St. Petersb. \"I. Math. Phys. Xat. 2:301. 1832. 



Iscliaeiinnn liifcsccus Hack, in DC. Monogr. Phan. 6:221. 1889. 



Plants perennial, sending out stolons: culms erect from a decumbent base, glabrous, 

 weakly long-pilose at the nodes, 40 to 80 cm. tall : sheaths glabrous : ligule prominent, 2 to 4 mm. 

 long, truncate, membranaceous in the center, coalescing at the margins with firm auricles extend- 

 ing up from the sheath : blades flat, tapering to a fine point, 10 to 20 cm. long, 3 to 5 mm. wide, 

 glabrous, the uppermost much reduced : racemes 2, digitate, tawny or yellowish, 4 to 10 cm. 

 long, the rachis joints pilose at the base and along the margins toward the top, triangular, 

 about 4 mm. long, i mm. thick, cupshaped at summit; sessile .spikelet about 7 mm. long, exclud- 



■■* Op. cit.. p. 506. 



~ Steudel. Ernst G., Synopsis plantarum glumacearum, Vol. i, p. no. Stuttgart, 1854. 



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