Linton — The Marquesas Islands 425 



bands separately. These locks were ■ made as follows : A long tress was wrapped at the 

 center with a few turns of fine sennit. It was then doubled back upon itself, and the 

 wrapping continued upward, so that the hair was enclosed in a fiber sleeve about half an inch 

 long. The lock was thus reinforced with sennit at the inner end and terminated in a loop. 

 The separate locks were attached to the band by means of strands of fiber which were separ- 

 ated from one of the cords of the plait, passed through the loop, and twisted into the cord 

 again. The processes of twisting the cords, attaching the locks of hair, and plaiting the band 

 must have been carried on simultaneously, an arrangement which called for a remarkable de- 

 gree of skill on the part of the workman. 



Hair ornaments were made by a special tuliuna, who also made feather- 

 work. AMien an ornament was made for a child the hair was donated by its 

 mother's brothers and father's sisters. For a chief's child all the men in the tribe 

 contributed hair. According to Handy, the hair of revenge victims was also used. 

 The hair was curled, apparently after it had been made up into locks, by wrapping 

 it tightly around small sticks, doing these up in green leaves, and baking them in 

 an earth oven. 



Hair ornaments were worn by both men arid women on festive occasions. 



A complete costume consisted of a large shoulder ornament, one or two waist orna- 

 ments, bands on the wrists and above the elbow, and bands on the ankles and just below the 

 knee. The shoulder ornament was worn like an European boa, the longest part resting in 

 the middle of the back while the ends were tied together on the breast and held down by a 

 whale's tooth or other ornament. The waist pieces were worn over the haini (loin cloth). 

 When there was only one, it was placed in the rear, like a bustle, when two, one was 

 worn in front and one behind. Plate lxxvi, A shows a shoulder ornament ; D, a waist or 

 shoulder ornament and E, a wrist band. The only knee ornament seen was of long wavy hair, 

 like the waist ornament. 



Handy gives the following native names for these ornaments : tifi 

 ouolio. shoulder ornament; fifi oiioho kci. waist ornament; poi iiiia, arm orna- 

 ments; moftifn ouolio, wrist ornaments; poi vaivai, leg ornaments. 



BELTS AND ANKLE ORNAMENTS 



Edge-Pa rtington (20, p. 48) figxu^es a belt of seven parallel rows of bird 

 bone beads, strung on sennit. Some of the beads are decorated with diagonal 

 incised lines. 



In Hiva Oa, at least, bands of feather work were sometimes worn around 

 the ankles in place of hair ornaments. No examples of these have been pre- 

 served and the information about them is unsatisfactory. They are said to have 

 been made of short black roosters' feathers attached to a broad fiber band. To 

 judge from other feather ornaments they were probably laid on overlapping and 

 pasted to the base. 



FINGER ORNAMENTS 

 Ornaments made from the long tail feathers of the tropic bird were worn 

 by male and female dancers on the second finger of both hands. The ornament 



[165] 



