15th November, 1916. 



VOLCANIC PHENOMENA. 

 By Hubert Garrison, F.R.G.S., F.R.C.I 



{Abstract) 



The Lecturer, who w;is well received, in his introductory- 

 remarks dealt with the origin of the earth, explaining it along the 

 lines of the nebular hypothesis, and then proceeded to describe 

 the formation of its crust, which, he said, bore to the total mass 

 the same proportion as the inner covering of an egg did to its 

 total contents. The matter inside the crust of the earth was 

 supposed to be of a molten nature, as proved by the increase of 

 heat the further one proceeded towards the centre, and earth- 

 quakes were caused by the external pressure exerted on the crust 

 by different agencies, solar, lunar, and atmospheric, which resulted 

 in squeezing out millions of tons of lava. The points at which 

 lava was emitted were the safety valves of the earth, and when 

 volcanic action ceased this planet would become dead, like the 

 moon. Mr. Garrison then referred to a number of the most 

 famous volcanoes of the world, and described their action, past 

 and present, in most picturesque language. At the conclusion of 

 the lecture he was accorded a very hearty vote of thanks. 



