Ancient Mariners 49 



When other methods were devised and the component parts 



Fig. 2.— Building wooden ships in ancient Egypt. 



of the larger vessels were fixed together with wooden or metal 

 pegs, the older procedures were not abandoned. Even at the 

 present time we still find upon the Nile all these primitive types 

 which are survivals of phases in the history of shipbuilding, some 

 of them more than sixty centuries old. 



In the course of later ages when more venturesome sailors 

 using large merchantmen, which were the latest creations of the 



Fig. 3.— The Egyptian 

 1500 B.C. 



-going ship of the XVIIIth Dynasty. 



