84 Ventilation with Heating. 



time I have a doubt as to whether it is not the case that there 

 is also a very considerable amount of impure air rising to the 

 top, and my doubt arises not from the consideration of the 

 philosophy of the thing but from my own experience. Some 

 time ago in my church the pulpit was considerably higher than 

 at present, and it appeared to me that my head, as I went up 

 the pulpit stairs, got gradually into a stratum of not only hot 

 but also impure air which became very oppressive ; and there- 

 fore I am inclined to think that, some way or other, there is a 

 considerable amount of bad unwholesome air going up towards 

 the ceiling as well as towards the floor. 



Mr. Walter H. Wilson said : — As Mr. Workman began his 

 paper this evening by referring to the ventilation of ships, with 

 the permission of the Chairman, I would like to make a few 

 remarks. I look upon it that the ventilation of houses is a 

 comparatively easy matter to arrange when compared with the 

 ventilation of ships, owing to the size and height of the rooms, 

 the structure being at rest, and nothing in the shape of water 

 to contend with except rain. I ran out a few figures while 

 Mr. Workman was speaking, to give you some idea of the 

 state of the case. The space available for living in, on board 

 ship, is much restricted. The total number of people that 

 could sit in this room is about the number that could be 

 accommodated in the first-class cabins of the " Teutonic." 

 The total quantity of air in cubic feet that the passengers have 

 per head approximately is from 100 to 150. In this room you 

 would have considerably over 250 feet of air for each indi- 

 vidual if the room were full. The consequence is, that the 

 changing of the air without causing draughts is a very difficult 

 thing to do. If a fan system of ventilation were fitted, the 

 sectional area of trunkways would have to be considerably 

 larger than the passage through which the passengers go, which 

 could ill be spared from the accommodation for these people. 

 Some mechanical mode for changing the air is almost a neces- 

 sity. Several systems of ventilation have been adopted. In the 



