Some German Educational Methods and Ideals. 1 5 



(4) The Real-Schule or Modern School, in which Latin and 

 Greek disappeared, and the teaching was based on modern 

 languages, science and mathematics. 



(5) The High School for Girls. 



In Germany the schools were well housed, and the municipalities, 

 which in general owned and controlled the schools, showed much 

 liberality to the cause of education. Great care was taken 

 regarding the hygiene of schools and the health of the scholars. 

 Medical inspection of schools was the rule, the schools being in 

 many cases visited weekly by a doctor. The children were 

 periodically measured, and the height of the desks regularly 

 adjusted to the height of the scholars. School baths were 

 provided for day scholars. Instruction in school hygiene was 

 compulsory for teachers in some of the German States. The 

 German schools were very cheap, and the teachers had a position 

 of dignity, independence, and modest competence. 



Technical education had made great strides in Germany in the 

 last 70 or 80 years. Technical schools of a high order existed in 

 Berlin, Dresden, Munich, Augsburg, Nuremburg, Stuttgart, 

 Darmstadt, Brunswick, Hanover, Carlsruhe, and elsewhere. The 

 school at Charlottenburg was the premier institution of the kind 

 in the world. Technical instruction included the training of 

 architects, civil engineers, mechanical engineers, and technical 

 chemists. Darmstadt and Carlsruhe had a special department for 

 electro-technology, Berlin a special division for shipbuilding and 

 marine-engine construction, Brunswick for pharmacy, Carlsruhe for 

 forestry, Munich for agriculture. The relation of the technical 

 school to the university was a point of great importance. This 

 relation should be close, and mutual co-operation should be 

 cultivated. 



The German university system was worthy of special study, its 

 success being undisputed. A university had four objects, viz. — 



(1) To teach, to diffuse knowledge. 



(2) To promote research. 



(3) To promote philosophic culture— /.£., to link departments 

 of knowledge together, to enable the student to realise their 



