Mammotlis Tooth. 37 



diameter— I would suggest the action of river ice formed each 

 winter below the end of the glacier. As the heat of summer 

 approached, the floods from the surface and from the end of 

 the glacier would break up the river ice and force it along, 

 together with any stones embedded therein. After these 

 strange Old World scenes had passed away, the river gradually 

 retreated to its present channel. The land was subsequently 

 submerged to the depth of 30 or 40 feet, and the sea over- 

 flowed the gravels. This is evident from the fact that marine 

 shells and beach deposits cap the gravels on the portion 

 nearest to the seashore. This was the period of the raised 

 beaches at Cultra, Ballyholme, and Kilroot. The next stage in 

 this strange scene is the advent of neolithic man. The country 

 being covered with forests, he found it convenient to establish 

 himself on the ancient gravels long after the sea had retired. 

 His remains form a layer of 18 inches, consisting of rude flint 

 implements of neolithic type, lying just as they fell. This 

 upper layer is not stratified, and therefore not due to the action 

 of running water. The line of demarcation between this layer 

 and the palaeolithic gravels beneath is very distinct. In de- 

 scribing the beds, I refer to the portion of the gravels at the 

 right hand side of the harbour, as one enters from the steamer. 

 These are being removed for ballast, and the beds can be most 

 distinctly traced, as the cutting is nearly vertical. On the 

 western side of the road the sections are not so well exposed ; 

 but the corresponding layers can be distinctly traced. Towards 

 this western side — approaching nearer to the modern river — 

 there seem to be more numerous evidences of intervening beds 

 of laminated clay, as might have been expected from the greater 

 force of river action towards the centre of erosion. 



A living octopus was shown and described by Mr. R. Lloyd 

 Praeger. 



