330 LEIDY ON BATHYGNATHUS BOREALIS. 



feet in red sandstone, with calcareous cement, similar to the matrix attached to the fossil. The total depth 

 from the surface was 21 feet 9 inches, and the discovery was made by Mr. D. McLeod of French river, New 

 London, when digging a well. 



" The sandstone in question belongs to a formation which occupies nearly the whole of Prince Edward 

 Island, generally dipping at a small angle to the northward. It includes thin beds of coarse, concretionary 

 limestone, and at the southern side of the Island, where the oldest beds of the formation appear, there are 

 beds of gray clay or soft shale, and brown and gray sandstone, approaching in aspect to the upper beds of 

 the coal formation of Nova Scotia, and containing silicified trunks of coniferous trees, with indistinct vegetable 

 impressions, perhaps calamites. These beds may either belong to the top of the carboniferous system, or to 

 an overlying deposit of the Permian or Triassic age ; and in either case the red sandstones which conformably 

 overlie them will be equivalent to the New Red of western Nova Scotia and Connecticut, and probably Tri- 

 assic or Permian.* The present specimen is the first animal fossil hitherto discovered in these sandstones, 

 (of Nova Scotia,) which must, however, be distinguished from the Lower carboniferous Red Sandstones of 

 some parts of Nova Scotia, associated with gypsum and marine limestones, which were formerly confounded 

 with the New Red. See Letter by the writer in Proc. of Ac. Nat. Sci., Phila., iii., 272 ; and Papers in 

 Journal of London Geological Society, iv. 50." 



REFERENCES TO PLATE XXXIII. 



Fig. 1. Represents the right dental bone and teeth of Bathi/gnathus lorealis. 

 Fig. 2. Inner view of the crown of the second tooth of figure 1. 

 Fig. 3. Posterior view of do. do. do. 



Fig. 4. Transverse section of do. do. do. about 8 lines below the broken summit. 



Fig. 5. Inner view of the fourth tooth. 

 Fig. 6. Posterior view of do. 



Fig. 7. Transverse section of do. near the base. 



Figs. 2, 3, 5, 6, are correct in outline but appear bleared from having been drawn after the stone had 

 been already prepared for printing. 



* Mr. Lea states he agrees with Mr. Dawson in supposing these Red Sandstones to be equivalent to those of 

 Connecticut, and also adds those of Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, etc. He further observes be thinks thert 

 are many reasons in favor of referring them to the superior strata of the Permian series. 



