109 



Nirmus illustris Kellogg 

 Nirmus ornatissimus Giebel 

 Acarina: 



Cnemidocoptes fossor Ehlers 



Proctophyllodes indefensus Thompson, sp. nov. 



Pterodectes sp. 



Syringophilus elongatus Ewing 



The effect of Cnemidocoptes upon the feet of the Redwing is 

 shown in Plate XX, fig. 1. Such abnormal feet are by no 

 means uncommon, and can be identified in the field even at a 

 considerable distance. 



Molt and Plumage. 



The most complete and authoritative account of the molt- 

 ing and plumages of the Redwing is that by Dwight (1899). 

 He writes: 



^^1. Natal Down. Pale mouse-gray. 



/'2. Juvenal Plumage acquired by a complete postnatal 

 moult. 



*' Above . . . dull brownish black (no red at this stage), 

 the feathers edged with buff. . . . Below pinkish buff, 

 ochraceous on the chin, thickly streaked (except on the chin) 

 with brownish black. . . . 



''3. First Winter Plumage acquired by a complete post- 

 juvenal moult beginning towards the end of August. Re- 

 sembles previous dress, the general effect being that of a 

 brown streaked bird, the black being heavily veiled by brown 

 feather tips, and mottled orange 'shoulders' are acquired. 



''4. First Nuptial Plumage acquired by wear which is con- 

 siderable, birds becoming a dull brownish black by loss of the 

 feather edgings and by fading. The mottled 'shoulder 

 patches' are characteristic of young birds, the amount of 

 orange varying greatly. The wings and tail show marked 

 wear. 



''5. Adult Winter Plumage acquired by a complete post- 

 nuptial moult beginning in mid-August, young and old becom- 

 ing practically indistinguishable. 



''6. Adult Nuptial Plumage acquired by wear which produces 



