ANTILYCAUGES; AOIDALIA. By L. 13. Prout. 51 



white wedge-spots between the radials, the white ground-colour only appearing as a narrow, elongate distal 

 edging to the discocellulars. Differs further from ocellata and eucircota in the (J antenna, stouter palpus, more 

 hairy pectus, white vertex of head and in the postmedian line having larger spots beyond it. Varies greatly in 

 size. The summer brood (June — July) is usually very much larger than ocellata, but there is a small second 

 brood in September only measuring on an average the same size as that species. Eastern Siberia, Korea and 

 Japan. 



P. phoebearia Ersch. (= plagiata Btl. = deliaria Brem. nee Guen.) (5 a) is very closely related to the phoehearia. 

 preceding species, but has the brown median blotches much extended, the central one on the forewing joining 

 the hindmargin and produced so far distally as to touch the weak postmedian line ; the black transverse mark which 

 is usually present in superans near the distal end of blotch is represented in phoebearia by a thick longitudinal 

 mark on and behind the second radial; subterminal spots also enlarged, touching a smoky terminal suffusion. 

 Abdomen dorsally darker. Amurland to Korea, also, though rare, in Japan. 



11. Genus: Autilycauges gen. 



nov. 



Face smooth. Palpus longish, rather stout, rough-scaled. Tongue developed. Antenna in (J with mo- 

 derately long, shortly ciliated pectinations; in $ simple. Femora glabrous. Hindtibia in ^ with one pair of 

 spurs, in $ with two pairs. Forewing narrow, with costal and distal margins almost straight, the latter 

 oblique; cell long, areole simple, large, subcostals normal. Hindwing rather narrow, costal margin rather long, 

 distal margin rounded, cell more than one-half the length of wing, costal vein anastomosing with subcostal 

 at a point or more, then gradually divergmg, second subcostal rather shortly stalked with first radial. 



Early stages unknown. The single species, pinguis Swinh., erroneously described as an Emmiltis, 

 appears very distinct from any known species, and requires a separate genus. It may perhaps be related 

 to the impersonata group of Acidalia, but the pectinate ^ antenna, long cells, still stronger, rougher palpus, 

 exceptional course of the costal vein of hindwing (though this latter is shared by the Zacfecs-group) amply 

 distinguish it. The stalking of the second subcostal of the hindwing is also extremely rare m Acidalia. Inhab- 

 its Eastern and Southern China and Formosa. 



A. pinguis Swinh. (5 b). Dull brown-grey, irrorated with fuscous, with a paler, less irrorated band pinguis. 

 proximally to the outer line ; first line rather remote from base, somewhat sinuous, broadened into a narrow band, 

 outer line rather thick, strongly sinuous, especially on forewing; a pale subterminal line, dark-shaded on 

 both sides, but especially proximally; forewing with a black discal dot. Under surface almost without 

 markings. Widely distributed throughout Eastern China; Tientsin, Shanghai and theChusan Islands can be 

 mentioned as Palearctic localities. June, July and September. 



12. Genus: Acidalia Tr. 



Palpus short, or very occasionally of moderate length, never long; clothed v/ith appressed or moder- 

 ately appressed scales. Antenna in (J ciliated, the cilia very occasionally arising from short pectinations. Hind- 

 tibia in ^ without spurs or rarely with a single pair; in $ with 4 spurs. Forewing with areole simple. Hmd- 

 wing variable in shape, the costal vein normal or diverging rather gradually, second subcostal not or (very 

 rarely) very shortly stalked with first radial. ^ genitalia: the two true genitalic segments (9. and 10. abdo- 

 minal) enormously reduced, the pregenitahc (8. abdominal) bearing a pair of special organs, named "cerata" 

 by Burrows and Pierce; these are prongs, frequent asymmetrical, arising laterally from a transverse band 

 which bears the "mappa", a kind of apron which, in life, turns over and covers the base of the cerata. This 

 structure, so far as yet tested, is very constant, and separates the genus sharply from Ptychopoda. 



The eggs are oval, sometimes longer, sometimes shorter, longitudinally ridged and usually flattened 

 more or less at one end or at both. They are very frequently laid, unhke the majority of Geometrids, in a nearly 

 upright position. Notwithstanding some slight differences in colouring, they become, with remar- 

 kable uniformity, spotted or blotched with some shade of red a few days after oviposition. The larvae are ex- 

 ceedingly long and slender, and roll themselves into remarkable coils when disturbed. They are nearly cylindrical, 

 without special protuberances, and much less strongly rugose than those of Ptychopoda, but usually with a 

 somewhat rugose lateral ridge. In the temperate regions of both hemispheres they pass the winter in this 

 stage, but several species are at least partially double-brooded, or perhaps even under favourable conditions triple- 

 brooded. The pupa has the surface rather smooth and polished, of some shade of light brown; the cremaster. 



