2 LEUCOBREPHOS; ALSOPHILA. By L. B. Prout. 



black dorsally; in the early stages an almost entirely black larva. On aspen, more rarely on sallow. Pupa quite 

 similar to that of parthenias. Europe, Central Asia, Algeria. 



puella. B. puella Esp. (= caelebs Hbn. = spuria Hbn.) (1 a). Forewing greyer than in the two preceding, 



in cJ usually nearly unicolorous, in $ with the central area often broadly pale. Hindwing duller, less reddish, 

 ireilschkei. usually considerably paler, the dark parts somewhat extended. Structure nearly as in notha. — Inab. treitschkei 

 ab. nov. (^) the forewing is very dark brown-grey, with no distinct markings, the hindwing and underside milk- 

 white in those parts which are yellow in the typical form. Recently described, without name, by Aigner- 

 Abafi, from coll. Tbeitschke. — Larva on aspen, violet-reddish with four white longitudinal lines. Range some- 

 what restricted, Central Europe to South Russia. 



2. Genus: Lieiicobreplios Grote. 



Somewhat more robust than Brephos, and even more shaggy. Antenna in (J more strongly bipectinate. 

 Tibial spurs minute. Cells very long, yet with the first median vein of hindwing long-stalked. Early stages unknown. 

 The only two known species of the genus are very closely allied, if not indeed forms of a single species. They 

 are scarce in collections, and seem to be almost confined to high latitudes in Siberia and North America, though 

 the American species, brephoides apparently reaches further southwards in the Rocky Mountains. 

 midden- L. middendorfii Men. (1 a). Only known to me from Menetries' description and figure (here copied). 



dorfii. jg possibly not specifically distinct from brephoides. Forewing blackish grey, the lines black, the proximal 

 outcurved behind cell, the distal outcurved in middle, then incurved, followed by a white band. Hindwing 

 white, with a narrower dark border than brephoides. Underside with more white. N. E. Siberia. 



2. Subfamily: Oenochrominae. 



A rather unsatisfactory subfamily, created by Meyrick to contain the various genera — not all 

 closely related — which have maintained the most nearly the primitive Geometrid venation, all the veins 

 of the hindwing being present but without the specializations characteristic of the Hemitheinae, Acidaliinae 

 or Larentiinae. In Australia, where it is most strongly represented, it is perhaps a comparatively natural 

 subfamily, but it is doubtful whether the few isolated Palearctic genera which are necessarily — • in the 

 present state of Geometrid classification — referred to it have any really close affinity with the Australian, 

 or with one another. Excepting the venational character, there is little by which the subfamily as a whole 

 can be characterized. Very frequently the ^ antenna is unipectinate, but this does not occur in any of 

 the Palearctic forms. The Orthostixinae, recognized by Meyrick and Hampson as a separate subfamily, 

 distinguishable by the presence of a bar between the costal and subcostal veins of the hindwing, near the 

 base, has not proved tenable; even in the genus Orthostixis itself, this may be either present or absent. Se- 

 veral of the species fly by day, but the habits are almost as diversified as the structure. A few of the lar- 

 vae have more than the normal number of prolegs, but none are at present known which possess the full 

 complement like the Brephinae. Scattered representatives of the subfamily (as at present constituted) are 

 distributed nearly throughout the world. 



1. Genus: Alsopliila Hbn. 



Palpus very short. Antenna in ^ with long fasciculate ciliation. Hindtibia with all spurs. Wings 

 of (J thinly and smoothly scaled, ample, but at rest closely folded. Second subcostal vein of forewing usu- 

 ally free. Hindwing with cell long, costal vein anastomosing strongly with subcostal, second radial variable 

 in position, sometimes arising remarkably near third, third submedian unusually long, running to anal angle. 

 ? apterous, with strong anal tuft. — The eggs are laid in batches, firmly cemented, often encircling a twig 

 after the maimer of Malacosoma neustria, and are covered with hairscales from the maternal anal tuft. The 

 larva is slender, smooth, cylindrical, with a pair of rudimentary prolegs on the fifth abdominal segment 

 which, according to Breyer, are tactile, not prehensile. The pupa is plump, with eyecases prominent, ab- 

 domen tapering rapidly, anal extremity armed with two short, divergent spines ; enclosed in a moderately 

 compact earthen cocoon. The genus is chiefly Palearctic, one species, however, being North American. 



