144 COSYMBIA. By L. B. Prout. 



formed name of brightoni. 8 eggs were laid and all produced larvae; these varied very much, some being 

 similar to each parent, others intermediate. Unfortunately only one was successfully reared and this is 

 headi. described as much more like j^orata or pendularia than either of its parents. — hybr. headi Tutt. This 

 cross (from the pairing of orbicularia cf with annulata ?) and the reciprocal one {annulata cf orUcularia ?) 

 were also obtained by H. W. Head, but the only moth bred from the latter was a cripple and is not described. 

 The few examples successfully reared of hybr. lieadi, from pairings in June 1902 and June 1903, emerged 

 as second brood at the end of July. "White, tinged with ochreous and sprinkled with minute dark grey 

 specks; there are 2 dark purplish-grey, transverse, zigzag lines, which more or less coalesce, the outer line 

 being nearly black. The discoidal spots are clear and well defined; between the discoidal spot and the 

 base of the wing there is also a third faint, dark grey line; a row of black dots op the outer margin of 

 both the wings". — Egg similar to that of Ihe preceding species and undergoing about the same colour 

 changes. The larva is as variable as that of pendularia; often bright green, with the lateral area either 

 white throughout or marked with delicate pink or pale purple blotches; often pale brownish, sometimes even 

 almost whitish, the dorsal area being comparatively weakly marked with greenish, grey or brown; according 

 to a magnified drawing accompanying Heylaerts' account in Sepp's "Nederlandsche Tnsecten" it appears 

 that this effect is produced by alternations of very fine coloured and white lines; dorsal line fine, yellowish, 

 dark-bordered but not conspicuous; first five abdominal segments each with a thick, oblique smoky or 

 blackish mark above the lateral area. Feeds chiefly on sallow, but is said to be found also on alder. Pupa 

 similar to that of pendularia but with less conspicuous dark line edging the wing-case dorsally, but somewhat 

 more dark dusting on the sides of the abdominal segments. Double-brooded, the imago appearing in May^ 

 June and July-September, -according to the locality and the season ; in captivity a third, and even a partial 

 fourth generation can be reared. Apart from the striking form described above, it is less variable that, the 

 rest of the genus, though some specimens are more strongly dusted than others, with the markings conse- 

 quently obscured, while some, on the other hand, show in addition to the lines some blotches in the distal 

 area, especially towards the posterior angle of the forewing. Bred specimens almost always show a decided 

 reddi.sh admixture in the median area, but it fades after the insect has been on the wing a few days. Very 

 local in Central Europe, S. Sweden, S. Russia, S. France, Bilbao, N. Italy and S. Tyrol. 



albioceh C. albiocellaria Hbn. (^ ocellaria Hbn. := argusaria Bdi).) (4n). Bright ochreous, slightly clouded 



laria. -vv^ith reddish, the median shade strong, but ill-defmed, being more or less dilfused into thick black dusting, 

 which broadens posteriorly, often occupying a great part of the posterior (inner) margin, especially on the 

 hindwing; discal spots pure white, lai'ge, sometimes very large, black-ringed; lines strongly dentate, the 

 postmedian of forewing sometimes only marked on the veins; a weak dark subterminal shade sometimes 

 present; the area distally to this pale; pi'oximal half of fringe ferruginous brown. Under surface much paler 

 therinata. and more feebly marked. — f. therinata Bastelb. (4n) is smaller, the black dusting much reduced in extent, 

 the red shading, on the contrary, stronger; it is the summer form (second generation) of albiocellaria. — 

 Larva green, greenish yellow or velvety brown, tinged with reddish anteriorly and posteriorly, dorsal line 

 darker, strongest on the anal segment; middle segments usually each with an oblique dark dorsal line, but 

 these are rather inconstant, only that on the 2"^ abdominal always present. Feeds on species of Acer, 

 especially on hedge-maple. Pupa light yellowish, with double series of large black dorsal dots, blackish 

 wing-margin and dark veins. The first brood emerges about the middle of April, the second in July. Central 

 and Southern Europe, local and chiefly in the eastern parts, but occurring in Central France, Corsica and 

 N. Italy; also in Asia Minor, N. Persia (Bienert) and, according to Staudinger, in a local form in Transcaspia. 

 Bastelberger considers that the latter does not differ essentially from the European. 



lennigiaria. C, lennigiaria Fuchs (4n) is exceedingly like the preceding species, and some writers have denied 



that it is more than a local form of it. Darker (more leather-coloured) with more reddish admixture but less 

 extended black, the ocellated spots smaller and less rounded (more oblong), distal area less noticeably pale, 

 proximal half of fringe brighter ferruginous, under surface (of typical form) more grey-dusted. According to 

 FucHs the markings more recall those of puppillaria ab. gijrata, and he has given a very detailed diiferen- 

 tiation from that form, which seems to me quite superfluous. Bastelberger adds that in the aggregate the 

 aestiva. hindwing of lennigiaria is rather more strongly angled than that of albiocellaria, but not strikingly. — f. aestiva 

 Fuchs, the second-brood form, bears about the same relation to the type as does therinata to albiocellaria, 

 being considerably smafler and lighter. — The larva seems to be confined to Acer monspessulanum and will 

 not even accept other species of Acer in captivity. It is very variable; green, yellow-green, yellow, brown- 

 yellow or even reddish, head brown-yellowish; P' — S'** abdominal segments in strongly marked specimens 

 with the anterior half darkened dorsally; dorsal line blackish brown, double on the posterior segments, broad 

 on the anus; short black-brown oblique lines border the dark portion of the middle segments; a fine dark 

 lateral line. Occasional larvae are unicolorous, or intermediate between these extremes. Pupa green, straw- 



