210 



LYGRIS. By L. B. Prout. 



A. cf wilhoul hair-pencil on forewing beneath. Areola always single (Calhulype Wavr.). 



wMlelyi. C. whifelyi Btlr. (8e). Wings rather broad, the margins well rounded. I know of no species with 



which it is likely to be confused. Perhaps nearest in general aspect to Cidaria placida Btlr. (8e) but that has 

 long palpi, some yellow at base of forewing, yellow fringes and differently arranged dark spots (those in the 

 central area of the wing much the broadest). Face and crown of head blackish, in placida yellow. The 

 nndei'side is marked like the upper. Variable in the extent of the markings. Distributed in Japan; also in 

 Korea and the Ussuri district. June-July. 



B. cT with strong hair-pencil on forewing beneath, as in Lygris. Areole single or 

 double (Callygris Th.-Mieg). 



composilaia. C. compositata Guen. is unknown to me in its typical form, which, however, only differs constantly 



from the common jiuictilineata, here figured, in the absence of the large black discal spot on the upper surface 

 of the hindwing. M. Oberthur writes me that Guenee's type is not in worn condition, so that the absence 

 of the spot is not due to abrasion; moreover he possesses a specimen from Leou-fang in which this spot is 

 absent also beneath, whereas in the type it is there present. Guenee's example was from N. China. — ab. 



junciiline- junctilineata Walk. (8d), common in N. China and Japan and exiending across China, is to be distinguished 



aid. ]3y having the large discal spot of the hindwing well developed on both surfaces. It is decidedly variable and 



the upperside often lacks (as does that of the name-typical form of the species) the postmedian lines of the 



hindwing. The only specimen I have seen from W. China (Ta-chien-lu) lacks also the apical black markings 



constricta. of the hindwing, which thus resembles that of L. ludovicaria (8d). — ab. constricta (Warr. M-. S.) ah. noii., from 

 N. Cliina, has the anlernedian and postmedian lines of the forewing curved anteriorly, so as to meet at or 

 before the costal margin; discal spots as in jitncUUneata. — The areole in compositata is very inconstant; 

 1 have counted 13 in which it is single, 13 double and 1 asymmetrical. 



57. Genus: liygris Tlhn. 



Face with cone of projecting scales. Palpus with 2"'^ joint i-ather long, usually rough-scaled, 3'''' joint 

 smooth, moderate or rarely short. Antenna in cf ciliated, in a few American species pectinated. Hindtibia 

 with all spurs. Abdomen in cf long and slender, the extremity strongly curved upwards in repose. Wings of 

 moderate breadth, the apex of the forewing usually rather acute, the coloration generally straw-colour or 

 yellowish. Forewing with areole double (exceptionally single in pluriliiieafa); the cf usually with a strong 

 pencil of yellow hairs arising from a triangular area close to the base beneath, just anteriorly to the 2"'' sub- 

 median. Hindwing with costal margin arched, discocellulars strongly biangulate. 



Egg rather large and strong, the narrower end strongly truncate and flattened; surface not glossy, 

 regularly granulated; hibernating. Larva when first hatched very thin, slightly flattened, brown or yellow with 

 dark dorsal band and subdorsal line; when full grown moderately elongate, nearly cylindricalj^_head and pro- 

 thorax rather small, mesolhorax usually somewliat swollen, anal extremity without the pointed processes of 

 some of the allied genera. Feeds up rather i-apidly in the late spring, undergoing 3 moults. Pupa among 

 leaves, spinning a few threads; green or light brown, variegated, with dark dorsal and ventral lines and usually 

 dark markings on the wings; cremaster rather long, with the terminal hooks well developed. The pupal stage 

 is of short duration and the moths are mostly on the wing in the height of the summer. 



A very natural genus, characteristic of the Palearctic and Nearetic Regions. There is but little structural 

 variation (chiefly in the palpi and the d^ antennae), yet the species are mostly clearly defined and present 

 few, if any, intricate problems of differentiation. Our figures will render determination quite easy and safe 

 and the notes below refer chiefly to the variation, except in the case of the few little-known species. 



A. Palpus with 3'''' joint concealed; wings broad, distal margins smooth, that of 

 hindwing ventricose; cf hair-tuft normal (Chartographa Gmpbg.). 



ludovicaria. L, ludovicaria Ob. {= tigrinata Chr.) (8 d). 1 select this as the type of Chartographa Gmpbg. Very 



distinct from the other species of Lygris, transitional in structure towards the subgenus Callygris of Calleulype, 

 palpus quite moderate. Like Callculype it is mimetic of Abraxas. On the under surface both wings have a 

 large black discal spot, the forewing a black postmedian band and black marks at apex and hinder angle; 

 hindwing with black postmedian costal spot and margins as above. Ussuri and Korea to AV. China, 

 June — early August. 



