222 



CIDARIA. By L. B. Prout. 



pttnclum- 

 notata. 



immanata. 



simpUciata. 

 Ihingvallaia 



krassnojar- 

 scensis. 



acutata. 



pythonis- 

 sata 



defined than in truncafa; the postmedian line of the f'orevving commonly lacks the subcostal teeth, but nearly 

 always projects more sharply at the 3'''' radial; the subterminal line is nearly always interrupted in the middle; 

 the discal dot is usually saiall or very small; the hindwing whitish, its postmedian line generally (though not 

 always) ucutely angled outwards at the 3"^ radial and rarely much indented before the 2'"' radial. In addition, 

 the forewing generally shows a much more sharply white costal patch, just beyond the postmedian line and 

 altogether immanata is a more sharply marke'd species. In the name-type, so far as Linne's description shows, 

 the median band is greyish, thus intermediate between our two figures. — ab. punctutnnotata Hatr. ( = 

 passeraria Frr.) (8k) has the central area clear white, usually purer than in the corresponding form of truncata. 

 — ab. immanata Haw. ( = amaenala Sfeph.) (8 k) shows the opposite extreme, the median area being black- 

 often of a more glossy black iha.n in truncata sb. per fuscata. — ab. sirapliciata Walk. {= tysfjordensis Strand) 



. has white or grey spots in the middle of the otherwise black median area. — ab. thingvallata Stgr. is a very 

 beautiful form, occurring chiefly in Iceland, in which the median area is black or very dark, the basal and 



. distal areas white, almost entirely without markings. — krassnojarscensis Fuchs, from Southern Siberia, was 

 described from a single specimen; forewing narrow, nearly uniform whitish, with the transverse lines sharply 

 marked. — acutata Guen., said to be a constant form in the neighbourhood of Besancon, is also narrow- 

 winged, the forewing with the apex more acutely produced, the distal projection in the median band also more 

 than usually prolonged. — pythonissata Mill. (Si) is an interesting race from the Shetland Islands, very variable 

 but always recognizable by the white spots in the. median area (at least about the discal dot), the sharply 

 white lines and the very sharply marked underside, with a prevailing brownish ting«. — The egg hibernates. 

 Larva very similar to that of truncata, more perfectly cylindrical, anal points more blunt, colour yellowish or 

 very pale green, very rarely with red lateral line. On various low plants, probably with a preference for 

 Vaccinium. Full-fed about June. Pupa closely similar to that of truncata. Imago in July and August, often 

 extraordinarily abundant where it occurs and thriving best in northern latitudes (Iceland, Norway, Scotland). 

 It has an exceedingly wide range, occurring almost throughout Northern and Central Europe, Northern and 

 Central Asia and the northern parts of North America. 



C. infuscata Tgstr., described as a variety of truncata, is, according to Blocker, another distinct species. 

 I have no personal knowledge of it and as Blocker's article on the subject is written in Russian I can only 

 quote Tengstrom's diagnosis: "Forewing with the apex rounded, the distal area ashy-bluish, nearly without 

 markings, hindwing infuscated''. Finland. It is just possible that schneideri Sandb. represents the same form 

 (or species), as Blocker suggests. 



hrimneaia. C. brunneata Pack. (^ suspectata Moschl.) is unknown to me but is much smaller than truncata, the 



dark median band dilferently shaped, narrower posteriorly, preceded and followed by brown bands, and seems 

 clearly to be a distinct species. Labrador. Recorded also from Belgium, no doubt in error. 



Subgenus Xanthorhol- Hhn. (= Ochyria Warr. nee Hbn. = Orthonama Hbn). Face usually with projecting 

 cone of scales. Antenna in cf pectinate or prominently dentate. Forewing with areole double. Hindwing with 

 discocellulars not biangulate. 



A. Antennal pectinations fully developed, one pair to each segment (Xanthorhoe). 



infuscata. 



miinitala. 



algidata. 



infuscata. 

 helhlandica. 



lahradoren- 



sis. 



strigata. 



pauperri- 



maia. 



C. munitata Hbn. (= fulvata F. nee Forst., decoloraria Fsp) , arclicaria Germ., collinaria Metzner) 

 (8 1). Very variable, especially in Iceland, but the forms intergrade so completely that it seems unnecessary 

 to impose names on any but the most extreme aberrations. The ground-colour varies from clear white to 

 smoky grey, sometimes slightly brownish; the median band varies much in width and somewhat in shape; 

 in colour it is usually pale dull reddish, sometimes darker reddish, sometimes grey or even blackish brown. — 

 ab. algidata (Moschl?) Stgr. has the median band almost obsolete, being chiefly indicated by Ihe principal lines 

 which traverse it. It occurs in Iceland, but is said to be a common form, perhaps a local race, in Labrador. 

 On the olher hand Moschler says that his algidata cannot be confounded with any known species and the 

 Zeller collection contained under this name a moth more like the Canadian fossaria Tayl. — ab. infuscata 

 ab. iiov. Forewing much infuscated, dirty grey-brown with slight tinge of yellow, the median band weakly 

 expressed, more reddish; hindwing dark smoke-coloured. Iceland, in my collection. — hetlilandica Prout is a 

 race from the Shetland and Orkney Islands with the ground-colour of the forewing strongly yellow ochreous. 

 Similar, though less extreme examples occur occasionally among the other forms in Scotland and Iceland. — 

 labradorensis Pack, has the ground-colour more grey, the band darker, more brown (not red). Labrador. — 

 ab. strigata Pack, seems to be merely an extreme development of labradorensis, with the band black. — 

 pauperrimata Chr., which I have not seen, is perhaps somewhat similar to hethlandica. The ground-colour 

 is pale ochreous, the median band uniformly reddish fuscous. Caucasus and the Issyk-kul and Hi district. — 

 The larva hibernates; it is stout, tapering at the extremities, sides rugose and slightly carinated; head small, 

 ochreous; body usually green, shaded with pink at the incisions, an interrupted dark dorsal line, a very faint 

 brownish subdorsal and a broad whitish lateral stripe. It feeds on Alchemilla and other low plants and is 



