Publ. 24. IV. 1914. CIDARIA. By L. B. Prout. 225 



ventral and subventral lines dark grey, ventral surface otherwise paler; lateral stripe somewhat mixed with 

 virhite. On Vacciniuni in the autumn. It usually hibernates nearly full-grown, but will sometimes pupate in 

 late autumn. The pupa is blackish brown with yellow incisions, the anal end thickened. Imago in May and 

 June, inhabiting only the mountains and the high North; the Alps, Germany, Hungary, Arctic Europe and Si- 

 beria, Labrador, Baffin Land, the Rocky Mountains, etc. 



C. abraxina Btlr. (= pudicata Chr.) (9d) is probably related to the species among which it is here abraxina. 

 placed but — like several other Eastern Larentiids — has assumed a certain mimetic resemblance to the 

 Abraxas group, the body being yellow and the dark distal markings tending to break up into spots. Under 

 surface similar, the median band ill defined proximally. Japan and S. E. Siberia. — ab. defasciata ub. nov. defasciata. 

 from Yesso (Leech coll.) lacks the median band, only the discal spots here remaining. 



C. semenovi Alph. (^ ouanguemetaria Oh., lugubris Stgr) (lOd) is a species of quite doubtful position, semenovi. 

 differing from the other Xanthorhoe in having the eye rather smaller and the palpus more hairy. Superficially 

 • it bears a great resemblance to lugens Ob. (subgenus Eulype) and the eye and palpus suggest that thei'e may, 

 not impossibly, be some real relationship but almost all else in the structure differs and the distal margin of 

 the hindwing is not appreciably crenulate. Forewing beneath mostly white in proximal half, distal half as 

 above; hindwing with postmedian line better developed than above. W. China and Tibet. 



C. montanata Schiff. (= implicata Vill.) (9d). Another vei-y variable species. In the typical form the montanata. 

 median band is pale-centred and the distal area rather weakly marked. — In ab. fuscomarginata Stgr. both fuscomar- 

 wings are broadly fuscous-margined, containing a distinct white subterminal line. — In ab. continuata Krulik. Qinata. 

 the median band is soUd, brown or blackish, not interrupted by any white patch. — In ab. deeenerata Prout ''o^'^wM'ffto. 



€160671 €7' at CI 



(^ constricta Strand) the median area is narrowed and broken into two parts, a larger anterior and a smaller 



posterior. — ab. costimaculata Rbl. shows only the anterior half of the band. — ab. limbaria Hbn. ( = comp- costimacu- 



taria Bsd.) is a more extreme development, with the band reduced to a very small patch on the discocellulars. I'^ffi ,. 



In the few examples known to me, as in Hijbner's figure, the distal area more or less approaches that of ab. 



fuscomarginata. — ab. unicolor Rbl. has the wings entirely suft'used with smoky black, the median band of the unicolor. 



forewing faintly indicated. Taken in S. Yorkshire. — In addition to these casual aberrations montanata shows 



a strong tendency to the formation of local races. Staudinger considers fuscomarginata as such in the Pyrenees, 



Alps, etc. But in any case the following appear noteworthly: iberica Stgr. high elevations in the mountains iherica. 



of Castile and Andalusia, with the forewing white-yellowish, with less markings and these less distinct, the 



median band narrowed and more fuscous. — lapponica Stgr. from Northern Scandinavia and N. E. Siberia, lap-ponica. 



a smaller, paler form with the markings (except the discal dot) quite weak. — ab. albicans Strand merely albicans. 



indicates the extreme specimens of lapponica, with the markings (except the discal dot) not or scarcely visible. 



— shetlandica Weir, from the Shetland Islands, is of the same average size as lapponica, but forms a striking shetlandica. 



contrast to it. It has the forewing much more variegated, the ground-colour suffused with ochreous between 



the basal and median bands and distally, the median band sharply marked at least at its edges, sometimes 



pale in the centre, sometimes mixed with bright ochreous brown. — Larva moderately stout, tapering a little 



at anal end, laterally rugose; head small, blackish, with two ochreous dashes; body ochreous brownish, dorsal 



line blackish brown, on the middle segments broken by pale lozenge-shaped patches which contain each a 



short line and some dark dots. Hatches in June or July, feeds on various low plants and hibernates, pupating 



about April. In captivity it occasionally feeds more rapidly and produces the moth in the autumn. The pupa 



is moderately slender, shining yellowish red-brown with darker cremaster; the shape is about as in the rest 



of the genus and the anal armature similar, consisting of a pair of approximated spines with curved tips and 



some short hooked bristles. The moth flies in May and June, or in northern localities in July. It is abundant 



in a great part of Europe and is also recorded from Transcaucasia and parts of Siberia. 



C. deflorata Ersch. {= lepidaria Chr.) is nearly related to montanata, especially resembling the form deflorata. 

 lapponica, but the hues are finer and of a brighter ferruginous colour, the postmedian sharply angled at the 

 S'^ radial, the fringe of the forewing more strongly chequered, the hindwing weakly marked, but with some 

 prominent ochreous spots at the margin, the dark underside sharply marked with white lines. Dauria to 

 Amurland. 



C. rectifasciaria Led. (= orthogrammaria Guen.) is shaped hke azonaria (9 b) to which it bears some rectifccscia- 

 superficial similarity. Forewing dirty white with dark (blackish brown) basal and median bands, the latter of ''««■ 

 medium breadth, its distal edge unusually straight, only with an extremely weak outward bend at the 3'''' radial; 

 the intermediate area traversed by 2 dark parallel Unes. Hindwing dirty white with several waved dark lines 

 nearly parallel to the distal margin, becoming indistinct anteriorly. Under surface more weakly marked. Both 

 wings above and beneath bear a dark discal spot. Transcaucasia. The antennal pectinations in the cf are 

 longer than in fltictuata. 



IV ! 29 



