248 



CtDARIA. By L. B. Prout. 



luctuata. C. luctuata Schiff. (= transversata TAhJ. = Ingubrata Stgr) (lOd). Very distinct. The sharp contrast 



of the black and white colouring somewhat recalls hastata but the differences, except in the case of the blackest 

 varieties, are too obvious to need enumerating. Under surface similar to upper, both wings paler basally. 

 Very variable in the relative proportions of the white and black; median band often very narrow, never very 

 alhidior. broad, but (as in the 3 preceding species) not sharply differentiated from the proximal area. — albidior Al-ph. 

 (lOd), an infrequent aberration in Europe but perhaps the principal form in Kamfschatka, has the white band 

 on both wings much broadened, the proximal half of the hindwing sometimes more mixed with white, the 

 under surface much more extended white. Both my examples from Barracouta, E. Siberia, also belong here. — 



denigrata. ab. denigrata Gillmer is a melanotic aberration with the postmedian band infuscated, the subterminal inconspi- 

 borealis. cuous, otherwise almost wholly black. One example from Plauen. — borealis Petersen scarcely differs in the 

 forewing from the name-type, though the dark proximal area is still more black; on the hindwing the basal 

 and distal areas have no white aduiixture and the white band is as narrow throughout as it appears at the 

 inner margin in the normal form; it is divided by a dark line. Esthonia, Arctic Norway and N. Finland, 

 wendlandti. possibly a local race in these localities. I have a similar example from Sajan, Siberia. — ab. wendlandti 

 Fuchs is perhaps a modification of borealis, perhaps partly teratological, as Staudinger suggests; wings broader 

 than usual, hindwing above and beneath black with a sharply dehned white band which becomes narrow at 



ohductata. both extremities. Taken at St. Goarshausen. — obductata Moschl. {^= concordata Walk) perhaps never occurs 

 in Europe, or only as a very rare aberration, which would not differ very greatly from ab. denigrata. Forewing 

 nearly as in borealis, but with the white band narrowing posteriorly; hindwing above uniformly black, rarely 

 with very shght remnants of the white band, beneath with narrow, obsolescent dirty white band. Labrador, 

 W. Canada, etc. Separable from hastata gothicata by its different neuration, smaller size, narrower median area, 

 etc. — Larva rather stout, green, with 3 dorsal lines, or more brownish with lozenge-shaped dark dorsal pattern. 

 It feeds on species of Epilobium and some of the late larvae hibernate; often, however, the winter is passed 

 as pupa. The pupa is stout, blackish-brown, with fine anal point. The moth flies in May and again in August. 

 Central and N. E. Europe, Central Asia, Siberia and N. America. 



undulala. C. undulata Leech (13 c) is apparently a somewhat isolated species and I am quite doubtful about its position. 



Face nearly smooth, not at all protuberant. Palpus rather long. Antenna in cf minutely ciliated, cf genitalia 

 strongly developed. Narrower-winged than luctuata and much more glossy. Forewing with apex pointed, 

 distal margin very oblique; black-brown with 7 — 9 fine irregular white lines, in part extremely fine or obsolete, 

 and a white or pale ring surrounding the very large, roundish disoal dot ; subbasal white line fine but distinct, 

 twice indented, strongly outcurved between: antemedian thicker, at least at costa, twice incurved, projecting 

 between; postmedian irregular, thick in its anterior half; a white spot in the apex followed by a row of 

 conspicuous white dots close to the distal margin. Hindwing similarly marked. Under surface with the white 

 markings more extended. Chekiang to Central China. 



moUitginaia. C. molluginata Hbn. (= poecilata Fuchs) (7 f). Scheme of markings similar to that of alternata. Larger, 



much paler, the markings of the forewing being light brown (sometimes rather more grey), the middle of the 

 median band wholly or in part pale. Under surface similarly marked to upper, the forewing rather more 

 inusitata. weakly. — ab. inusitata Guen., founded on a single ? from Hyeres, is described as ashy grey without any 

 admixture or brown or yellowish, more weakly marked, the median band less sinuous, the discal dot of the 

 forewing smaller. — Larva moderately slender, yellowish grey, with dark dorsal line on thorax and posterior 

 segments, the first 5 abdominals with elongate, anteriorly pointed, whitish bordered dorsal spots; lateral stripe 

 grey-brown. On Galium mollugo in August, the pupa hibernating. The moth appears in June and July. It 

 inhabits Southern Central Europe, S. Norway and Sweden and Transcaucaisia. 



albostriga- C. albostrigaria Brem. {■= eliela Btlr., ? unduliferaria Motsch.) (lOh). Very pale sand-colour, traversed 



ria. by numerous thick white lines, the one which bounds the central area distally more irregularly formed than 



the rest. Under surface similar but with the sand-colour (or light brown) darker, the proximal part of the 



forewing without white lines but with a single, incomplete darker line. S. E. Siberia, China, Korea and 



Japan. Probably Motschulsky's older name will have to be restored for this species. 



jjilineata. ^' bilineata L. (lOh cf, 10 i ?). Very variable in colour, especially in the ?. The name-type has 



both wings bright yellow, the median area of the forewing not strongly differentiated, though there is often a 

 slight darkening towards the postmedian line. Abundant in most parts of Europe, also distributed in N. Africa, 



dumetaia. Asia Minor, Syria, Transcaucasia and according to Staudinger reappearing in E. Siberia. — ab. dumetata 

 Schr. is described as paler leather-yellow with discal dot of forewing well expressed and the central lines of 



infuscala. the median area forming 4 roundish or somewhat angled rings. — ab. infuscata Gmpbg. (10 i) is a frequent 



aberration (especially in the S) in which the median area is more or less filled in with fuscous. Occurs 



equally commonly among specimens of the testaceous colouring, which might be designated testaceolata- 



illineata. infuscata. — ab. illineata ab. nov. entirely lacks the transverse lines, being uniform yellow or with the median 



