CIDARIA. By L. B. Prout. 251 



C. fastigata Pilng. Closely similar to the yellow-mixed form of silaceata, slightly larger but chiefly fasHgaia. 

 differing in having the distal edge of the median area right-angled outwards in the middle, the postmedian line of 

 the hindwing also more bent in the middle; markings similar but (especially beneath) more obscure. Kiildja 

 and P'erghana, beginning of June. In the specimens before me, as well as in Pungeler's figure, the proximal 

 part of the hindwing is rather strongly darkened. 



C. dentifera Moore (== nivicincta Btlr) closely resembles a rather large, rather dai-k, little variegated denlifera. 

 silaceata with broad, distally rather smooth-edged median band, but can be separated at once by the antemedian 

 line, virhich runs almost straight (rather oblique outwards) from costa to behind the 2""^ median vein, is here 

 acutely angled and sharply white, then runs basewards for a short distance, is again right-angled (or sharply 

 curved) and finally runs vertically to the hindmargin; a band between basal and median bands is fully as 

 dark as they, W\ih the veins whitish. Dharmsala; also in Sikkim and Assam. 



C. fervidaria Leech (7 1) differs essentially from all the preceding in its orange, fuscous-mixed hindwing fervidaria. 

 and admixture of orange in the paler parts (and on the 3'''' radial and median veins of the central area) of 

 the forewing. Hindwing variable, sometimes almost uniformly dusted with fuscous excepting a narrow clearer 

 orange band (or thick line) behind the middle. Under surface orange, more or less suffused or irrorated with 

 fuscous, especially in the proximal part a postmedian band remaining clear orange, the distal part of the hind- 

 wing also somewhat varied. Central and W. China. 



'& 



C. subochraria Leech (7 1, as subochreata) is so similar to fervidaria that I suspect it belongs here although it subochraria. 

 has lost the characteristic distal markings of the group and is also somewhat aberrant in that the discocellulars of 

 the hindwing are appreciably angled at the origin of the 2"<^ radial, on account of an inward curve of the 

 2'"^ discocellular. Easily distinguished from fervidaria by its much more weakly marked forewing; the hind- 

 wing and underside also are on an average duller coloured, though variable. Omei-shan in June. ? unknown; 

 cf abdomen slender (more so than in the slightly smaller fervidaria), antennal ciUation minute; palpus rather 

 long, rather slender but rough-scaled. 



C. mactata Feld. (101 as raaetaria) may be known at once by its large size, strong gloss and by the maclata. 

 peculiar shape of the median band. Under surface brown, the costal region of the forewing and the proximal 

 two-thirds of the hindwing sprinkled with yellow, most of the white markings of the upperside reproduced in 

 pale yellow. Antenna in cf pubescent, .lapan, Korea and Amur to Central and West China. 



C. corylata Thnh. (101). Very distinct from any other European species, but probably the discovery of corylata. 

 the life-history of the Oriental forms which follow will show that they are related to it. Palpus long; cf antenna 

 almost simple. Very variable. The most constant markings are those of the distal area of the forewing; 

 especially noticeable are the three black marks (short lines) between the 5* subcostal and 3'''' radial, the first 

 joined to a short oblique mark from apex, and the pale spot behind the 3''' radial. The name-type has a 

 complete median band, somewhat variable in breadth and shape. — ab. ruptata Hbn. (= defracta Strand, ruptata. 

 interrupta Hirschke) is a rather common aberration in which the band is interrupted with white at the 

 fold. — ab. albocrenata Curt. (= effusaria Stgr.) is a much more striking form (or group of forms) apparently alboci-enata. 

 only known from North Britain and Denmark and characterized by the more or less complete obsolescence 

 of the median band, which is only represented by some indistinct grey dusting. Not infrequently the light 

 olive-brown bands which precede and follow the median are much darkened but this is by no means always 

 the case. — fabrefactaria Ob. has the proximal half of the basal patch much lighter than the distal half, the fabrefacla- 

 narrow band proximal to the subterminal also dark, the area between the basal and median not very bright. ''*«■ 

 It constitutes a local race in the Ussuri district. — granitalis Btlr., from Japan, is on an average rather larger, granilaUs. 

 the edge of the basal patch more oblique and dentate from costa to fold, then retracted, the median band 

 dentate proximally and with distal excision almost or quite as deep as in aliena. Coloration variable. — 

 Larva slender, cylindrical, with bifid head and a single projecting anal point; green, with variable dorsal pattern 

 in red-brown or purple-brown, generally consisting of a streak on the anterior and posterior segments but 

 broken into dots and spots on the middle ones. On oak, birch, blackthorn, etc., July — September. The pupa 

 is described as yellow-brown spotted with black, corylata flies in June and is found chiefly in wooded districts, 

 resting by day on the tree-trunks. Central and Northern Europe, N. Italy, the Ural and Amurland. 



C. albida Herz was described as a variety of corylata but raised by Bang-Haas to specific rank. Fore- albida. 

 wing perhaps slightly broader. Both surfaces whiter, the forewing above only very weakly olive-mixed; basal 

 patch with less dentate edge; median band rather broader, a good deal mixed with white, the white in the 

 narrower posterior pai-t of the band forming a distinct 8. Siberia: Olekminsk (Lena district) in June; Tunka 

 (Sajan). 



