Puhl. 12. VI.1914. CIDARIA. By L. B. Prout. 257 



C. galiata Schiff-'. (10 b). Very variable in colouring, the median area usually broad, the darkening galiata. 

 of the distal area irregular, very partial, sometimes altogether wanting, bounded proximally by dark dots on 

 the veins. Hindwing pale grey, never very sharply marked. I regard as the name-type the first figured form 



— Hubner's fig. 272. This has the basal area and the margins of the median band (which is of moderate 

 breadth) brown, the distal area fairly strongly marked. — ab. chalybeata Hhn. Median band broad, dark chahjbeafa. 

 bluish slate-colour, distal area weakly marked, with a tinge of brown. Rather frequent in some localities, as 



at Zermatt. — ab. unilobata Haw. has likewise a broad dark median band but is without any tinge of brown, unilobar. 

 the distal area generally rather strongly shaded with grey, the hindwing rather dark. N. England and Scotland. 



— ab. etnina Schawerda is a beautiful modification of unilobata, well known from Huddersfield, and said to emina. 

 be constant in Herzegovina, with the white distal area very weakly marked. — ab. quadriannulata Haw. has Vi-"dri(ni'- 

 the subbasal pale area broken up into four separate white, dark-ringed spots. — orientata Stgr. is an ashy . ' 

 form in which the median area is not generally very sharply differentiated, being darker ashy, not bordered 



with brown and sometimes containing spots of the ground-colour. Hindwing darkened. Asia Minor, N. Syria 

 and Transcaucasia. — Concerning a Russian form which has been named eophanata Krulik. I have unfoi't- 

 unately no information. Larva of moderate proportions, greenish-grey or yellowish-grey, with dark dorsal 

 line, which is blackest on the thorax and last segments, subdorsal yellowish white, broadly bordered beneath 

 with brown. On Galium. Pupa compact, glossy yellow-brown, the cremaster short; hibernating. Double 

 brooded, flying in May-June and again in August-September. Europe (except the Polar regions), N. Africa, 

 Asia Minor, Transcaucasia and E. Siberia. 



C. timozzaria Const. (10 a). Forewing quite distinct in coloration from galiata, the median band being timoxxaria. 

 much mixed with the ground-colour, so as to appear greyer, and enclosing a patch of the ground-colour 

 anteriorly, in which is placed the small discal dot; the pale double band which follows it white proximally, 

 more brownish distally, the distal area is darkened both proximally and distally to the subterminal line, which 

 is therefore distinct. Corsica. 



C. parvularia Leech (7 h) recalls in coloration the unangulata group of the subgenus Euphi/ia, the parvularia. 

 proximal and median areas forming a continuous dark area, though the former is traversed by some slightly 

 lighter, shining leaden-grey lines; the subterminal line is thicker and more dentate than in the rivata group. 

 Underside of forewing more weakly marked, the white parts more brownish; of hindwing more strongly 

 marked than above, with waved lines. Pu-tsu-fong. 



C. latevittata Trti. should probably be placed here, as the figure and description indicate a rather latevittata. 

 near relationship to rivata. Wings rather less rounded, especially in the cf ; coloration similar, the median 

 band of the forewing broader, darker, distally more excavated than in unangulata but with subacute angle 

 projecting on the 3''^ radial; proximally with rather strong undulate lines; subterminal line more weakly 

 lunulate than in rivata; the hindwing appears somewhat darkened. Sardinia. 



C. rivata Hbn. (=r sylvaticata Haw.) (10a). This and the two following species form a very closely ''*'*'«'«• 

 allied group, rivata is generally the largest and is further distinguished by its more glossy wings, broader, 

 scarcely bisected postmedian white band (especially of the hindwing), less uniformly darkened (more blue- 

 grey mixed) distal area and more white-mixed basal area of hindwing both above and beneath. Hindwing 

 beneath with a broMTi band proximally to the subterminal but always interrupted between the 3'''^ radial and 

 1*' median; in alternata this band is commonly uninterrupted. Median band extremely narrowed and broken. 

 Larva very similar to that of alternata, in its earlier stages rather smoother and of a brighter green colour, 

 while the adult larva is more sharply marked, the arrow-head markings filled in with white at their apex, a 

 conspicuous black or brown lateral spot on the 5* and 6'" abdominal segments which is wanting or indistinct 

 in alternata. On Galium. Pupa short and stout, the wing-cases somewhat swollen and roughened, the dorsum 

 and abdomen more glossy; red-brown, darker and anal extremity. Hibernating. Generally single-brooded, 

 flying in June — July; in captivity often double-brooded. Central Europe, N. Spain, Corsica, Italy, etc. — 

 inexpectata Krulik. from Russia, is unknown to me. 



C. supergressa Btlr. resembles rivata in having the postmedian white band of both wings rather broad supergressa. 

 and scarcely divided by a dark line, but has about the size of alternata, the dark parts in general more 

 uniform in colouring than in either of the allies, the proximal area of the hindwing less broken up into lines, 

 the pale subterminal line of both wings usually more interrupted. The white band of the hindwing is perhaps 

 slightly more angled distally at the 3'''^ radial. Japan and S. E. Siberia. Possibly a local form of alternata, 

 as Staudinger considers some Amurland specimens intermediate. 



C. alternata Aliill. (= alchemillata Schiff. nee L., sociata Bkk, subtristata Haw., contristata Don.) (10 b as sod- alternata. 

 ata). The differential characters have been given above, under rivata and supergressa. alternata is in many localities 

 IV 33 



