260 



CIDARIA. By L. B. Prout. 



mconspi- 

 cuaria. 



orhata. 



black-edged basal area, very broad median band and almost equally dark marginal area, with only 

 the beginning of a pale outer band (double line) will at once distinguish it. Pu-tsu-fong. 



C. inconspicuaria Leech (7 h) has the costal margin of the forewing somewhat more rounded than in 

 its nearest allies, yet is rather a narrow-winged species on account of the strongly oblique distal margin. 

 Ground-colour darker; subterminal line sometimes only indicated by white dots at the 2"'' radial and between 

 the medians. Forewing beneath almost uniformly smoky, hindwing slightly paler than above. W. China: Ta- 

 chien-lu. 



C. orbata Pilng. does not appear very nearly related to any known species, but is by structure a 

 Perizoma. Wings rather elongate, smoothly scaled. Forewing grey brown, a small basal patch and moderate 

 median band rather darker, the latter of almost uniform breadth throughout, though somewhat angled outwards 

 about the 1*' radial; darker costal spots at the commencement of the antemedian and postmedian lines; 

 a whitish, finely divided band beyond the central band, as in most Perizoma; an elongate black cell-mark; 

 distal area almost unmarked, the subterminal line scarcely traceable. Hindwing white, with small inconspicuous 

 discal dot. Koko-Nor. 



fumataria. 



verticala. 



C. fumataria Leech (7 h) is perhaps a Perizoma, as indicated by Warren, but the discocellulars are 

 extremely weakly angled, in some examples not angled. Face and palpus about as in taeniata, anal clasps 

 almost as strongly developed. Slightly narrower-winged, the median band differently formed; distal area weakly 

 marked, but with the pair of spots between the radials generally fairly conspicuous. Chang Yang, Central 

 China. — verticata Warr. seems to be a rather paler, less brownish grey race with paler grey hindwing, 

 showing traces of curved lines. On the forewing there is an appreciable band in the middle of « the pale 

 subbasal area and a moderate amount of dark shading in the distal area. W. China. 



affinilata. C. affinitata Steph. (lOf). The name-typical form of this species, as will be seen from our figure, is 



characterized by the narrow white postmedian band of the forewing and especially by the dark hindwing, 

 with only a narrow, divided white or whitish band. I have seen rather extreme examples from N. and W. 

 Germany, and rather less extreme from England and according to Staudinger it is distributed in Central and 

 rivinala. Northern Europe and Roumania. — rivinata Fisch.-Rossl. (= inciliata Zett., turbulata Stndf., turbaria Steph. 

 nee Tr.) (lOf) has the white on the forewing much extended and the hindwing broadly or almost whoUy 

 white. It belongs chiefly to northern or mountain districts, but sometimes occurs as an aberration with the 

 magistrariaAYP^- England, N. Norway, the Alps, Carpathians, etc. — magistraria Trti. and Verity is larger, the forewing 

 grey, not brown, but darker than in hjdrctta and with broader white band ; hindwing greyish with double whitish 

 band; underside like that of rivinata. Terme di Valdieri, Maritime Alps. — Larva stout, grey-brown, pinkish 

 brown or pinkish grey with blackish head and prothoracic plate, dark anal plate and dark plate on the outer 

 side of the anal proleg; lines darker pink; spiracles black. In the seed-vessels of Lychnis. Pupa thick, glossy, 

 brownish ochreous with darker incisions; hibernates, and frequently passes a second winter. Imago in June 

 and July, very rarely a partial second brood in August. 



aloliemillata- C. alchemillata L. (^ rivulata Schiff., nassata F.) (lOf). Very similar to affinitata but smaller, with 



clearer and more regular white marks at the hindmargin of the forewing, tendency towards obsolescence of 

 the pale band on the dark hindwing; distal area of forewing with black dushes on the veins. Generally less 

 peterseni. variable than affinitata. — peterseni notn. nov. {= nassata Haw. nee F., fennica Petersen nee Reuter) has the 

 white antemedian band well expressed; generally also the postmedian white band is somewhat widened and 

 sometimes even a complete white subbasal is present. It is the prevailing form in Esthonia and perhaps in 

 Scandinavia and is commoner in Scotland than in England, but occurs as an aberration in many localities. — 

 Larva rather stout, head, prothoracic and anal plates shiny black, body longitudinally striped with red and 

 green, rather variable but usually a very gay creature. It feeds in the seeds of Galeopsis and has also been 

 recorded from Stachys, Ballota, Lamium, etc. It passes the winter as pupa. The moth flies in June and July, 

 in southern localities partially double-brooded, and is common in the greater part of Europe, Asia Minor, 

 Transcaucasia and the Altai. 



'fennica. C. fennica Reuter is unknown to me and is a very enigmatical species or form. I have given reasons 



(Trans. City Lond. Ent. Soc. vol. 1.5 p. 28) for rejecting Petersen's determination of it. Size of alchemillata, 

 more coffee-brown, more thickly scaled, more unicolorous (less, traversed by wavy markings), the antemedian 

 white band obsolescent, the postmedian undivided and not sharply bounded distally, its shape somewhat different, 

 the discal dot surrounded by some whitish scales, the terminal line in the ? almost obsolete. Finland, only 

 one of each sex known. 



hydrala. C. hydrata Tr. (10 g). Slightly longer-winged than aloliemillata, paler and more greyish brown, hindmargin 



of forewing without the conspicuous white marks, the white postmedian band narrower and duller, the subterminal 



