272 ASTHENA. By L. B. Prout. 



albulala. A. albulata Hufu. (= candidata Schiff.) (13e). Shining white, the forewing with 5, the hindwing with 



3 curved and in part sinuous yellow-brown lines, the 3'''' and 4"' of the forewing approximated. Discal dots 

 amurensis. inconspicuous, sometimes wanting; distal margin with minute blacic dots. — amurensis Stgr., from the Eastern 

 Palearctic Region, is smaller, with distinct discal dots but wanting those of the distal margin. — Larva rather 

 stout, the segments tumid and wrinkled, the tubercles strongly developed, the setae black; head pale green, 

 spotted with black; body pale yellowish green, the back of the thorax and the back and sides of the abdomen 

 strongly marked with crimson: subdorsal line and lateral stripe yellowish. On birch, hazel, hornbeam, etc. 

 i^upa shiny, moderately slender, wing-cases swollen, the veins somewhat raised ; bkckish brown, at the incisions 

 yellowish; hibernating. Moth in May — June, a very partial second brood later. Europe, Crimea, Transcaspia, 

 etc., often very common. Christoph recorded a purer white form from N. Persia, the lines weak, chiefly 

 expressed as dots. 



anseraria. A. anseraria H.-Sch. (^ soldaria Tfti, corneata Chret) (13e). Besides a slight difference in shape, 



this species is distinguished from albulata by the simply ciliated cf antenna, the sharp black discal dots and 



the arrangement of the lines; the 3'''' and 4"" lines of the forewing are remote from one anotlier. The cells 



bUineaia. are rather shorter. — ab bilineata Hirschke lacks the P', 4"" and 5'*" lines of the forewing and the 2"'' and 



corcidina Sfd of the hindwing. — corculina Btlr. (7 h), from Japan, is perhaps not constantly separable from the name- 

 typical form, but the lines are somewhat thicker, forming large distinct yellow-brown spots on the veins but 

 generally more definitely interrupted between. The ground-colour itself appears somewhat less pure white, 

 slightly tinged with yellowish. — Larva similar to that of albulata, bluish green, without the markings which 

 characterize that species. On Cornus sanguinea. The pupa hibernates. Local in Southern Central Europe, 

 S. E. Siberia and Japan; May and July. 



nymjihaeata. A. nymphaeata Stgr. (13e). About the size of albulata, the discal dots altogether wanting on both 



surfaces or occasionally present, though quite w^eak, on the underside. The yellowish lines are decidedly 

 broader, in this resembling those of anseraria but more distinct: the black terminal dots are very small, in 

 part obsolescent. The anal clasps in the cf are more strongly developed, the tuft which covers them composed 

 of longer hairs. The two poslmedian lines are closely approximated, as in albulata. From nymphulata, 

 nymphaeata differs essentially in the thick lines as well as in the anal tuft. Ussuri and Amur region. May— July. 



nymphulata. A. nymphulata Guen. (= albeolata Rbr., ? lactularia ff.-Sc/i.) (13 f). More delicate-winged than rt/iz«/ato, 



the forewing similarly shaped, the hindwing rounded, not elbowed. Glossy pure white. Forewing with 6, 

 hindwing with 4 fine parallel pale brown lines, hardly distinct, less sinuous than in albulata, the postmcdian 

 not double, the proximal two of the hindwing further separated, the distal two more approximated, e.xactly 

 parallel. Under surface without markings, the costal margin of the forewing somewhat infuscated. Antenna 

 in cf less strongly dentate than in albulata, with shorter ciliation. According to Herrich-Schaffer the hind- 

 wing is somewhat more distinctly angulated than in albulata. Andalusia and S. France. 



ochrifas- A. ochrifasciaria Leech (I3e). Generally larger than albulata, though small specimens also occur. 



ciana. Forewing rather more yellowish white, with more numerous lines; the first 4, curved, are separated from the 

 median group by a narrow clear band; the median group consists of 3 thick lines, the first crossing the cell- 

 dot: the space between them is mostly filled-in with yellow-brown shading, forming a sort of band, which 

 narrows at the hindmargin; the lines and sometimes the shading become fuscous at the hindmargin. Hindwing 

 rounded, weakly marked. Both wings with black cell-dot. Japan: Oiwake. 



albidaria. A. albidaria Leech. Again larger than ochrifasciaria, silky yellowish white, the forewing with a very 



small black cell-dot, the lines line, grey, exceedingly faint; a slightly curved and oblique antemedian, a double 

 postmedian, incurved between the radials and retracted at costal margin, and a waved subterminal, the two 

 latter continued on the hindwing; both wings with median line, recalling that of certain Acidalia, commencing 

 on costa of forewing near the postmedian but becoming oblique so as to approach the antemedian at hind- 

 margin and continued on the hindwing rather near the base. Underside with the lines much darker grey or 

 fuscous, thicker, the forewing as far as the postmedian more or less infuscated, its costal margin tinged with 

 yellow. Antenna in cf nearly simple, minutely ciliated. W. China. 



tchral- A. tchratchraria 06. (13g), described as an Acidalia, probably belongs here, perhaps io Hydrelia, in any 



chraria. gg^gg jfie hindwing neuration shows that it is Larentiid. Very distinct in the greenish-brown costal margin 

 and 6 nearly straight greenish brown lines, 2 only continued on the hindwing. Under surface similar, the 

 lines of the forewing thickened with a tendency to become confluent. Ta-chien-lu. 



octo- A, octomacularia Leeclt (7h), of which only a single, slightly worn example (?) is known, is perhaps 



related to ochrifasciaria. Forewing rather broader, without distinct markings excepting the very characteristic 

 black postmedian line. Chang Yang. 



