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EUPITHECIA. By L. B. Prout. 



E. pini Retz. (= abietaria Goeze nee Schiff., strobilata Bkh.^ togata Hbn.) (] 3 k). A large and handsome 



species, lines sharply expressed and marked with black teeth or dashes on the veins, a very large discal dot 



and tvifo red-brown bands. Face without well-developed cone of scales, palpus about twice as long as diameter 



comtricta. of eye; forewing with areole double. — ab. constricta ah. nov. Median area reduced to a width of only 



1 — 2 mm, the antemedian and postmedian lines connected by black veins. Britain, 1 cf, rather dark, in coll. 



neata ^"'■- ^"^- — debrunneata Stc/r., from the Ussuri district, is more mixed with blackish, the red-brown tone 



wanting. — The larva feeds in the green cones of Picea excelsa or of Pinus cembra. The pupa hibernates, 



often for two winters. The moth flies in June and early July. The name-typical form inhabits Central and 



gigantea. Northern Europe. Very similar or identical examples also in Canada. — gigantea Stgr., from the Ussuri 



district and Japan, is darker grey than in debrunneata, the reddish bands (as in rufescens) strongly developed. 



hilunulata. E. bilunulata Zett. (= strobilata Hbn. nee Bkh.) (12e). Extremely like a svaaW pini, but the face has 



a strongly-developed projecting cone, the palpus measures about 3 times the diameter of the eye and the 

 areole is undivided. The larva feeds in the galls of Chermes on Picea excelsa, only very exceptionally in 

 the cones. Imago in May— June. Range similar to that oi pini but unknown in Britain and Eastern Asia. 



rufescens. E. rufescens Btlr. Near bilunulata, agreeing in structure. Perhaps slightly larger, but narrower- 



winged. Both wings darkened with fuscous dusting, arranged in close lines, discal dot of forewing small, of 

 hindwing obsolete; reddish bands rather broad, pale subterminal markings obsolescent. Japan. 



Unariaia. E. linariata E. (12d). Forewing with dark blue-grey or blackish median band, finely white-edged, a 



bright brown band between this and the basal patch, a second (mixed with blackish between the radials and 

 near the hindmargin) proximally to the subterminal line; basal patch blackish at costal margin only. Larva 

 on seeds of Linaria. The pupa usually hibernates but occasionally the moth emerges the some summer. 

 Usual flight-time June. Widely distributed in Europe; also in Asia Minor and Transcaucasia. 



E. pulchellata Steph. (12 d) is on an average larger, the median band more watered with fine white 

 lines or rows of dots, the blackish markings in the distal area almost wanting or at least reduced. The name- 

 typical form is only known to me from the British Isles, but is said to occur very similarly in Portugal, 

 Spain, France, Belgium, Holland and N. W. Germany. Numerous local races and aberrations have been 

 named. — ab. iberica Dietze is a very pale aberration from Castile. — hebudium Sheldon is a constant form 

 in the Hebrides with the median band and hindwing somewhat darker, the brown bands much darker and 

 pyreneata. less yellowish, the basa! patch more completely dark-filled. — pyreneata Mah. is smaller, generally with 

 narrower median band, on an average less spotted with white, the brown inner band and the pale band 

 which follows the median commonly somewhat widened. Variable, sometimes with rather blurred markings. 

 Distributed across Central Europe from the Pyrenees to the Ural. — ab. reducta Bastelb., has the median band 

 mostly light, the dark colour being almost confined to a small spot round the cell-dot. — digitaliaria Dietze 

 {= intermedia Dietze) (12 d) indicates the transitions between pulchellata and pyreneata. — Larva on Digitalis, 

 generally spun up in the flowers, sometimes also in the seed-vessels. The moth flies in June and July. 



pulchellata. 



ibertca. 

 hebudium. 



reducta. 

 digitaliaria. 



laquaearia. ^- laquaearia H.-Sch. (= merinata Guen.) (13 f). Distinct from linariata in having the ground-colour 



more uniform grey, somewhat mixed with brown but without the bright bands of linariata; median area grey- 

 isiriaca. lined, not definitely banded, with the black cell-dot very conspicuous. Very variable. — istriaca Dietze is a 

 smaller form, rather more robust and more uniformly marked. Found chiefly in the Mediterranean region 

 perfidata. and in the summer generation. — ab. perfidata Mann, from Corsica, lacks the reddish brown distal band. — 

 Larva on flowers and seeds of Euphrasia stricta and alba and Odontites lutea, the summer brood on Hypericum. 

 The pupa hibernates or the moth appears in about 14 days. Widely distributed in Central and Southern 

 Europe, perhaps occurring also in N. Africa. 



limhata. E. limbata Stgr. is said to be very like laquaearia (13 f) but entirely without the brown basal band; the 



light grey or whitish ground-colour sometimes shows a greenish tinge. N. E. Asia Ninor and Transcaucasia. 



'lifjuriata. E. liguriata Mill. (= roederaria Stndf.) (12 d). Rather broad-winged, pale cinereous, slightly tinged 



with brownish, especially in distal area; forewing with rather large, conspicuous, oblong, black discal dot, 

 median band very feebly indicated in greyish, on the costal margin strongly marked with four blackish spots. 

 Palpus rather short. Larva on flowers of Sedum dasyphyllum. Moth at end of May and beginning of June, 

 sitting on rocks and walls. Mountains of Andalusia, Pyrenees and Basses- Alpes ; also, unless Milli^re really 

 referred to the following species, from Liguria. 



pantellaria. E. pantellaria Mill. Structure and general markings of the preceding but rather less broad-winged, 



more variegated and apparently much more variable. The name-typical form from the volcanic island of 



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