EUPITHECIA. By L. B Prout. 285 



form, differing from callunaria in being more strongly marked, the principal lines darkened on the costa. 

 N. Norway : Vefsen. — ab. nigrofasciaria Dietze has the median area broadly darkened. Germany. — transversa nigrofas- 

 Dietze. Median area only in part darkened, leaving pale transverse bands. Bavaria. — bistrigata Dietze. Only ctana. 

 the boundary-lines of the median area dark. Baden. — ab. caeca Dietze lacks the discal dot. — fagicolaria ^^^^^y'^^'^- 

 (Crewe) Robs, and Gardn. is a browner form, approaching the colour ol helveticaria, and prevails in the South '*'*£"*'*• 

 of England. — callunaria Dhld. is a narrower-winged cinereous form, whith pale lines. It inhabits heaths in . ' ■ i ■ 

 the North of England and in Scotland and probably Finland and Iceland. — curzoni Gregson is still narrower callunaria ' 

 winged but is very sharply marked, especially the thick antemedian and postmedian lines (the latter more curxoni. 

 angulated than in the other forms), sometimes also a dark line proximaliy to the subterminal. Very variable. 

 Shetland Islands. — subatrata Stgr. is a nearly unicolorous dark form, occurring in most localities among the subatrata. 

 type, but prevailing in several Asiatic localities (Ferghana, the Alai Mountains, Hi district, etc.) — iimbopunctata Umbopunc- 

 Dietze is a subform of subatrata with a prominent series of isolated light spots representing the subterminal. ^^^' 

 Berlin district, Wiirttemberg, etc. — concolor Dietze is another subform of subatrata, unicolorous violet-grey concolor. 

 with the discal dot obsolete. Juldus Mountains, Hi district. — rivosulata Dietze {= serenata Stgr.) is somewhat rivosulala. 

 larger, lighter (dirty white with the lines grey, rather strongly marked), the whitish postmedian band clearer and 

 broader. Known from the Altai and Tibet. — Larva polyphagous on flowers in July and August. The pupa 

 hibernates. Very widely distributed in Northern and Central Europe and Central Asia, flying in May — June, 

 ia the far North in July. In Southern Europe more local, confined to the mountains. Doubtfully recorded 

 from Amurland. 



E. tripunctaria H.-Sch. (= albipunclata Haw. nee Hufn.) (12 f). Forewing dark grey with black cell- tripimc- 

 spot, the lines not very sharply defined, but the postmedian marked with black dashes on the veins; the sub- lo-ria. 

 terminal characteristic, yellowish white, broken into dots, in part obsolete, a conspicuous spot near hind angle 

 always present, usually also a moderately conspicuous one behind S'** radial. Hindwing paler proximaliy and 

 costally; a distinct white spot in the darkened part near the hind angle. — ab. angelicata Barrett (= anglicata angelicata. 

 Gmpbg.) is uniform smoky black, quite markingless except for the deeper black cell-spot. N. England: York- 

 shire, etc. Larva on the flowers and seeds of Umbelliferae, chiefly Angelica and Heracleum, in September, a 

 summer brood (less often noticed) on the flowers and leaves of elder (Sambucus nigra). The moths from the 

 hibernated pupae appear in May. Throughout Central Europe, Livonia, the Balkans, etc.; also Transcaucasia, 

 Transbaikal, Amurland and probably North America. 



E. absinthiata CI. (= minutata ScMff) (12 f). This species and the three which follow bear a tolerably absinthiata. 

 close resemblance, absinthiata is rather light, glossy red-brown or purplish-brown, with moderate elongate 

 wings, discal mark of forewing rather large, very black, costal margin of forewing in basal and median areas 

 black-spotted, especially at the beginnings of the antemedian and postmedian lines, which otherwise are almost 

 obsolete or quite weak, indicated chiefly by dots on the veins; subterminal line generally broken into small 

 white dots or mostly obsolete, but always showing a pale posterior spot; fringe not appreciably spotted. 

 Hindwing greyer, weakly marked. — ab. obscura Dietze is much darker, the forewing described as sepia- obscura. 

 coloured. Kassimov, Central Russia. — The larva is polyphagous on Compositae, perhaps especially Senecio 

 and Solidago ; also on scabious and even on some Labiatae. The pupa hibernates ; the moth does not appear 

 until July and even August. Common and distributed in Northern and Central Europe, Russia, Altai and N. 

 Tibet. — lunata Dietze is probably a distinct species. Almost unicolorous brownish, both wings above and lunata. 

 beneath with large dark discal lunule, other markings scarcely perceptible; fringes strongly developed; cf 

 antenna with longer ciliation, palpus perhaps somewhat longer. Juldus Mountains, Hi district. 



E. mandschurica Stgr. Forewing somewhat narrower than in absinthiata, dirty ash-grey without a mandschu- 

 tinge of brown. Described as a form of absinthiata, afterwards considered to be possibly a form of actaeata. f^ca. 

 Bureja Mountains, Central Amur. 



E. goossensiata Blab. {= minutata Dbld., nee Schiff., ? callunae Spr.) (12f). Smafler than absinthiata, goossen- 

 slightly narrower-winged, rather greyer or less reddish, discal dot on an average smaller, median area some- ''»«'«• 

 times appreciably greyer than the rest of the wing. Larva on Erica and Calluna. Moth in June-July, 

 frequenting heaths. Local in Western Central Europe, also recorded from Finland and Russia. — knautiata knautiata. 

 Gregson is perhaps of a deeper, more reddish brown colour, differing little from dark absinthiata, though more 

 the shape of goossensiata. Barrett refers it to absinthiata, but Mr. Burrows assures me that the genitalia 

 disprove this. Larva on Scabiosa. Only recorded from Lancashire. 



E. expallidata Dbld. (12 e). On an average larger than absinthiata; paler, more tinged with delicate expalUdata. 

 violet-grey; discal mark still larger, generally also conspicuous (often fairly large) on the pale hindwing; 

 costal spots of forewing also larger, deeper black ; subterminal Une often obsolete, when well developed usually 

 accompanied by dark grey shading proximaliy. Larva rather more elongate than that of absinthiata; on 



