324 



EUMERA; SELENIA. By L. B. Protjt. 



fuscantaria. E. fuscatltaria Steph. (= carpinaria Haiu. nee Hbn.) (15 k). Distinguished by its less bright colour 



effuscaria. and especially by the smoky suffusion of the distal area. — Only in ab. effuscaria Ebl., from Transsylvania, 



dcsirir/aria. this distal infuscation is almost entirely wanting. — ab. destrigaria Galvagni lacks both the transverses lines. — 



porfuscaria. ab. perfuscatia Rbl. has the dark suffusion eqiially diffused throughout the wings, forewing with the lines strong 



— Larva green, more or less marked with brown, occasionally reddish grey with slight green mottling; 



humps not very large, sometimes wanting. On ash, in captivity accepting privet. Pupa in a strong but open 



silken network among leaves or the herbage beneath the tree. Moth in August — September. Local in Central 



Europe, Southern Scandinavia, Livonia. 



effractaria. E, effractaria Frr., founded on a ^ bred from an undescribed larva taken on alder at Sarepta, is an 



enigmatical species. Very near alniaria, but with the margins scarsely so irregular (intermediate towards 

 quercinana), the lines of the forewing nearly meeting on the hindmargin, the postmedian followed by some 

 slight dark shading; cell-spot large; fringes with larger but less darkly coloured spots; hindwing with a line 

 formed nearly as in fuscantaria; underside about as in the most strongly marked alniaria. But for the apparent 

 absence of bright yellow hair on thorax, I should refer it as an aberration to that species. 



crosaria. E. erosaria Schiff. (15 k). This species and the following are in general recognizable by their freedom 



from dark dusting; even the lightest quercinaria are generally somewhat dusted, or at least appreciably dar- 

 kened on the veins and distal margin, erosaria has the head and thorax yellowish, but less bright than in alniaria, 

 lines rather less oblique, postmedian further from distal margin, antemedian strongly inclined basewards 

 Hliaria. at costa; cell-spot obsolete above. The nametypical form is yellowish. — ab. tiliaria Hbn. is paler, the 

 unieoloria. forewing straw-colour. — ab. tinicoloria Esp. is without the transverse lines. — Larva rather elongate, with 

 strong knob-shaped protuberances, altogether bearing a remarkable likeness to an oak twig; brown, now with 

 a tinge of purple, now of greenish, ventral surface paler greenish brown. On oak. Pupa in an open silken 

 network among leaves. The imago appears in August and September and inhabits Central and parts of S. W 

 and E. Europe and Transcaucasia. 



quercaria. E. quercaria Hbn. (= dryadaria Rh .) (15 k). Similar in colour to the preceding or slightly less yellow, 



the lines of the forewing parallel, accompanied on the reverse sides by fine whitish lines, cell-spot above 

 present or absent, underside with pale yellowish postmedian line, often edged proximaUy with a dark line. 

 The larva is similar to that of erosaria, but of a paler yellowish brown colour. It is said to feed exclusi- 

 vely on oak. The perfect insect appears in August — September. Local, Spain, S. E. Europe, Asia Minor, Trans- 

 caucasia. 



regina. 



38. Genus: Xlumera Stgr. 



lace rounded-prominent with appressed scales. Palpus extremely short. Tongue wanting. Fore- 

 wing Avithout special prominence at 3rd radial. Other characters nearly as in Ennomos. The $ antenna is shortly 

 pectinate. All spurs present, but short. Erected by Staudinger for a single Palearctic species. 



E. regina Stgr. (15 k) may be known by its shape and by the round white dots which succeed the 

 distal shading of the postmedian line between 3rd radial and 2rd median (the posterior one somatimes obsolete). 

 Underside similar to upper. Dalmatia, the Amasia district and Palestina. 



39. Genus: Helenia Hbn. 



Face with projecting tuft of scales. Palpus moderate, rough-scaled. Antenna in ^ bipectinate, in $ 

 serrate or subpectinate. Femora densely hairy. Hindtibia with all spurs. Forewing without fovea; a trans- 

 parent discocellular mark; 1st and 2nd subcostals generally free; 1st radial from stall?: of 3rd — 5tli subcostal; 

 distal margin strongly prominent at 3rd radial, somewhat concave behind. Hindwing with distal margin irre- 

 gularly crenulate; cell-mark as on forewing; 2nd subcostal stall?:ed or from a point with 1st radial; vestiges 

 of 2ad radial persist. — Larva when newly hatched stouter, more Bisto7i-lik.e than that of Ennomos. Adult 

 larva also stouter, swollen posteriorly, knotted, the 3rd pair of legs swollen at the base, larger than the others. 

 Pupa etout, smooth, in a stronger cocoon then Ennomos, among dead leaves or moss or just below the ground; 

 hibernating. The moth sits with the wings raised and is very leaf-like. Range Palearctic. 



Ulunaria. S. bilunaria Esp. (= iUunaria Hbn.) (16 a). Distinguished by the less deep excision between the 



ra dials of the hindwing, less rich colouring, enlarged costal spots at the origin ct the lines, median area not 

 differentiated in cc lour from distal area, transparent discal marks not well developed. The spring form is large, 



injuscata. strongly irrorated with fuscous, sometimes more olivaceous. — ab. infuscata Strand has the space between 



