326 GARAEUS. By L. B. Proitt. 



nating. Pupa strongly and irregularly sculptured; dark chestnut colour, paler at the incisions, cremaster black. 

 syringaria is distributed in Central Europe and probably in Central Asia and also occurs in Japan; June — July. 



ni'irmorata- P. marmorataria Leech (16 c). Distal margins less crenulate, approaching the form of Garaeus parva 



'"'"• but preserving the excision behind the apex. Coloration quite different from that of syrhigaria, whitish, brown 



and rust-colour, with a slight admixture of olive-grey. Antemedian olivacious line very acutely angled sub- 



costally; postmedian line more strongly and uniformly developed than in syringaria, gently incurved between 



1st radial and 1st median. Central China: Chang Yang. 



productaria. P. productaria Leech (16 b). The shape and scheme of markings suggest a doubt whether this and the 



remaining species will prove biologically to belong here, ■productaria is easily distinguished by the verj^ long 

 projection of the median area between the 2nd and 3rd radials of the forewing. Underside yellower, with an 

 almost straight dark postmedian Hne. W. China: Wa-shan. 



crcmdaria. P. crenularia Leech. Closely similar to productaria, vertex of head pure white, wings above more 



pui'plish brown, cell marks weak and lunulate, not black and roundish, postmedian line of forewing much less 

 projecting, underside rather paler. Omei-shan. 



viridescetis. P. viridescens ]\'arr. (= olivaria Leech) (16 b). Slightly variable in colour, sometimes with a more 



olivaceous tinge, but not likely to be confused with any other Palearctic species. Underside yeUow with some 

 violet-grey suffusion in distal area. Mou-pin, indistinguishable from the Indian form. 



latbnargl- p, latimarginaria Leech (16 b) differs in the distribution of its colouring and especially in the irregular 



Jiaria. 



course of the postmedian line. Unterside ochreous, not pure yellow. Chang Yang and Mou-pin. 



acuminaria. P. acuminaria Leech (16 b), described as Crocallis ( ?), may be provisionally placed here. Recognizably 



by its shape, the straight antemedian line, white costal spot distally to the postmedian etc. W. China: Che-tou, 

 only the $ known. 



variaria. P. variaria ieec/i (16 b) will in any case require generic separation. Palpus long. Forewing withlst 



and 2ad subcostale lang stalked. Hindwing extremely dentate, the long tooth at the 2nd subcostal recalling 

 Prionodonta. The arrangement of the markings can be seen from our figure. Underside similarly marked. 

 W. China: Chia-ting-fu. 



41. Genus: Ci}.araeiis Moore. 



Agrees in structure with Phalaena except that the eye is hairy, the $ antenna rarely pectinate. The 

 wings are on an average somewhat narrower, with more obhque distal margin of forewing, and on the whole 

 they are less strongly crenulate. Some of the species are rather robuster in build. The only Icnown larva (that 

 of parva) shows an important structural distinction from Phalaena; it has paired dorsal warts on the 3rd — 5th 

 abdomural segments but lacks the long hooked processes. An Indian genus, but extending to Japan and For- 

 mosa. 



A. A n t e n n a i n $ b i p e c t i n a t e. 



parva. G. parva Hedem. (= distans Warr.) Extraordinarily like syringaria, on an average smaller; distal 



margin of forswing nearly smooth, of hinch^dng less excised between the radials. Colouring sometimes more 

 suffused with greyish; postmedian line of forewing throughout parallel with (and approximated to) the median 

 line, but represented only, except from costal margin to the angle, by vein-dots. A black discal dot present 

 nigrillncata. (sometimes sKght). Japan and Amurland. — nigrilineata fo7m. nov., from Omei-shan, has the median line 

 discolor, strong, blackish, discal dot very conspicuous, somewhat enlarged. — • discolor Warr. is often stiU smaller, is 

 more strongly (sometimes almost entirely) suffused with olive-grey and has the median line on an average 

 more proximally placed, its gngle not, or scarcely, reaching beyond the discal dot. Kiushiu and Ichang. Also 

 in Assam. The larva of parva feeds on Ligustrum ibota, the perfect insect appearmg in July. 



mirandus. G. mirandus Btlr. (17 b). A strikingly distinct species. Both sexes nearly aHke in the pattern, but 



the (5 is black with white spots, the $ yellowish brown. Japan. Systematic position uncertain; fovea present 

 in the ^. 



B. Antenna in $ serrate (Garaeus). 



specularis. G. spccularis Moorz is a North Indian species which wiU be described in vol. 12. Though variable, 



it is generally recognizable by the colour and by the hyaline spots. Some Chang Yang examples resemble 



fenestratus. it. — fenestratus Btlr. (16 b) as specularis represents specularis in Central China, Korea and Japan. The fore- 

 wing has a small (in specidaris large) black discal dot, the dark clouding in the distal area is commonly stronger, 

 the dark subterminal line more diffuse, the hyaline patch in the cell of the hindwing more bro-ken into 



