OPISTHOGRAPTIS. By L. B. Peout. 389 



cident, anastomosing with costal and connected with 3rd — 4th. Hindwing with costal margin swollen in proxi- 

 mal half, costal vein widely separated from subcostal (especially in deducata), connected by a bar about middle 

 of cell. A very small genus, chiefly Indian. 



C. arnearia Walk. (= vesicularia Walk.) (17 i). Fovea very elongate, scaleless on both surfaces. Hind- amcaria. 

 wing in ^ with a tuft of long hair on inner margin. The yellow ground-colour is a good deal irrorated 

 with reddish, particularly at base of costa and apical part of distal area of forewing. Distributed from N. 

 India to Borneo, W. China, Korea and Nagasaki. 



C. specularia Moore is on an average larger, lacks the hair-tuft on the inner margin of the bind- specularia. 

 wing, the ground-colour is rather lighter yellow, less irrorated with reddish, the apical patch on the upper sur- 

 face large but indistinct, on the under surface strong. Distributed in India. — pryeri Btlr. (17 i) is the pryeri. 

 Japanese form, with 2 large spots on the hindmargin of the forewing, more or less confluent on the margin 

 itself. — vitrigera Btlr. from Dharmsala has the posterior spots still larger, confluent also on the fold, thus viirigera. 

 enclosing an oval yellow spot. 



C. deducata Walk. (= caustolomaria Moore, gensanaria Leech) (17 i). Less bright yellow (more deducata. 

 irrorated with red-brown) and easily known by the central band which traverses both wings. Fovea less extre- 

 mely developed, on the upperside concealed by scaling. N. India to Korea, Japan and Formosa. 



74. Genus: Opisthograptis Hhn. 



Antenna in (J simple. Thorax somewhat hairy beneath. Femora glabrous or very slightly hairy. Fore- 

 wing with fovea; 1st and 2nd subcostals stalked or often coincident; discocellulars bent, 1st median from (or 

 from close to) posterior angle of cell. Hindwing with distal margin almost even, or with very slight prominence 

 at 3rd radial; costal rather shortly approximated to subcostal near base; discocellulars strongly bent, very 

 oblique posteriorly. Larva rather thick, twig-like, with humped 3rd abdominal and with additional, though 

 shortened, prolegs on the 4th and 5th. Pupa rather slender, in a tough cocoon. Range: Palearctic and northern 

 Indo-Australian Regions. 



A. Face with appressed scales; palpus rather short. 



0. luteolata L. (= crataegata L.) (17 h). The only European species. The name-typical form has on hdeolata. 



the forewing red-brown costal markings at the base, at the discal mark and triangularly at the apex; 



faint, irregularly grey antemedian and postmedian lines, interrupted at the veins. Hindwing with dark discal 



dot and faint grey postmedian line. — aestiva Vorh. & Miill.-Rutz is a smaller, more deeply coloured summer- aestiva. 



brood form. It seems to be the principal or only form in Tunis. — ab. flavissima Krulik. (=' immaculata fiavissima. 



Ob.) is almost entirely yellow, only with slight remnants of the costal markings. — ab. albescens Ckll. albescens. 



(= lacticolor Harrison, albicans Rhl.) has the ground-colour pure white instead of yellow. Very pale yellow 



examples have been separated as intermedia Harrison. — ab. niko Ohr. is according to. Staudingee an intermedia. 



extraordinary aberration with both wings broadly fuscous margined and the basal part of the forewing brownish. ^'^ °" 



Perhaps accidental, as the yellow of this species is highly susceptible to various kinds of chemical action. ■ — 



provincialis Oh. is a pale, weakly marked form from Provence. — emaculata Graes. lacks the apical patch of provmcAahs. 



cy}ictculo.t€t, 

 the forewing. Prsvalent in Central Asia, accidental elsewhere. — mimulina Btli . has the cell-mark large, „iivmlina'. 



the lines strong, the 2 principal lines of the forewing ending in conspicuous red-brown spots on the hind- 

 margin. N. India: Dharmsala etc. — Egg oval, with fine polygonal reticulation; whitish mottled with red. 

 Larva variable in colour, dirty brown or green, usually resting in a bent position, so that the dorsal hump appears 

 very prominent. On whitethorn, blackthorn and aUied fruit-trets, more rarely on other trees. The life-cycle 

 is curious ; from hibernated pupae, the moths appear early (generally in April) and produce a 2r.d brood about 

 August; the larvae from these latter moths commonly hibernate and do not yield the moths before June. 

 luteolata is distributed in Europe, Western and Central Asia. 



B.' Face with projecting scales below; palpus rather elongate. 



0. tridentifera Moore (17 h). Cell-spot much larger than in luteolata; apical pat:'h wanting: lines repre- iridentifera. 

 sented by red and dark dots on the veins. Described from Sikkim, known also from W. China and Tibet. The 

 name-type has a redder cell-spot than the Chinese form. 



0. trimacularia Ltech (17 h) differs from tridentifera in the shape of the markings, in the ^ also in trimaeul- 

 the presence of a quadrate red patch at the apex of the forewing. W. China and Tibet. '^'^"• 



0. sulphurea Btlr. (17 h). Easily known by the red basal and distal areas of the forewing, narrowly sulphurea. 

 red hindmargin and very large red ceU-spot. I have not seen Palearctic specimens, but Alphbeaky records 

 it from iSzechuan. 



