na. 



LIGNYOPTERA: THERIA: ERANNIS. By L. B. Pbout. 351 



97. Genus: Ijigiiyuptcra Led. 



Face and palpus roughly hairy. Tongue weak. Antenna in ^ bipectinate with very short branches. 

 Tliorax and femora hairy. (^ with the wing.s delicate, very glossy, the hindwing relatively large; forewing 

 with 1st subcostal anastomosing with costal. $ apterous. Only two species are known, both E. European. 



L. fumidaria Hhn. (18 i). Forewing in ^ dull smoky brownish, the antemedian and po.stmedian lines fumidaria. 

 weakly expressed and in the anterior half of the wing only, with a shadowy connection along the median 

 vein. Hindwing grey, unmarked, at the base blackish. 9 uniform brown-grey, with extremely short, narrow 

 vestiges of wmgs. The yellowish egg hibernates. The larva is uniformly cylindrical, greenish grey with longi- 

 tudinal light lines; head flesh-colour. It feeds chiefly on Achillea millefolium. Imago from the end of October 

 to December. Lower Austria, Hungary and S. E. Russia. 



L. thaumastaria Rbl. is much larger than fumidaria, not so strongly hairy. (^ antenna light ochreous ihaumasta- 

 yellow. Forewing with short, oblique violet-reddish band at one-third of costal margin and a narrower 

 one at four-fifths curving proximaUy. Hindwing more yellowish grey than in fumidaria, beneath with a broad 

 brown stripe. The $ is also light ochreous yellow with longer winglets (the anterior 4 mm. long, pointed). 

 Only known from the mountains of Bosnia and Montenegro. October. 



98. Genus: Theria Hbn. 



Face rather prominent, shortly scaled. Palpus very short. Tongue weak. Antenna in (^ bipectinate. 

 cJ with the wings delicate, rather glossy, with long fringes; forewing broad, with all the subcostals stalked. 

 the 1st anastomosing with the costal and then with the 2nd. ■$ nearly apterous. Only one species knoM'n, 

 exclusively Palearctic. Probably not so closely related to the following genus as son: e system atists have sup- 

 posed; the genitalia, as well as the characters indicated by Meyrick, justify its separation and the larva also 

 differs in habitus. 



H. rupicapraria Schiff. (= primaria Haio.) (18 i). The (^ may be known at once by the large discal rupicapra- 

 spot of the forewing and the 2 crenulate dark lines, white-edged on the reverse sides. The rudimentary wings 

 of the $ have the apex acute, the forewing bears 2 approximated dark lines, the intervening space often dar- 

 kened into a band. — ab. ibicaria H.-Sch. (= illataria i^wcAs) is darker, with the lines obsolete. — Egg ellipsoid, iMcaria. 

 with irregular polygonal reticulation and mostty 10-rayed micropylar rosette; red-brown, the micropylar pole 

 somewhat darker. Larva variable in colour, green or grey, with white or yellow longitudinal lines and with 

 pairs of dorsal dots or dashes at the ends of the segments. Chiefly on blackthorn and whitethorn, May — June. 

 The moth appears in. England in January and February, apparently later in Central Europe. It is also recorded 

 from Transcaucasia. 



99. Genus: Eraniiis Hbn. 



Differs from Theria in that the thorax has a small anterior crest, the 1st subcostal vein of the 

 forewing does not arise from a common stalk with the other 4. Antenna in ^ variable, never (as in Theria) 

 with the apical joints pectinated. Forewing often with the distal margin more oblique than in Theria. Larva 

 smooth, cylindrical, mostly rather slender (except leucophaearia), feeding on various trees in the spring and 

 early summer, generally in abundance and often very destructive. Range: Palearctic and Nearctic. 



E. buraetica Stgr. (19 as) is unknown to me and I doubt its belonging to this genus. (^ antenna quite huraetica. 

 different, filiform, without ciliation. Forewing as broad as in the broadest rupicapraria, apex more pointed; 

 hindwing narrower, with costal margin longer. Forewing light grey with fine dense dark irroration (about 

 as in Bapta distinctata orientalis), discal dot present, antemedian line faint, postmedian distinct, oblique, band- 

 like, distally light-edged. Hindwing light grey with faint discal dot and distinct, straight postmedian line, 

 which arises at two-thirds inner-margin and becomes indistinct towards apex. Kentei Mountains. 



E. bajaria Schiff. (= aerugaria Schiff., ligustr'aria Lang, ser.cear'a Bkh.) (18 i). cJ antenna bipectinate. bajaria. 

 Forewing grey, more mixed with brown in the proximal and distal than in the median area; the latter narrow, 

 the sinuous postmedian line being placed extraordinarily far from the distal margin. $ apterous. — ab. 

 sorditaria Hbn. (= kempnyaria Galv.) is a striking form with whitish ground-colour and darkened basal area sordilaria. 

 and band between the postmedian and subterminal lines. — Larva moderately stout, grey or brown, ventrallj^ 

 paler, the double dark dorsal line broken on the middle segments into an often very indistinct lozenge- 

 shaped pattern; all the lines more or less whitish-edged. On privet, blackthorn and whitethorn. Moth in 

 October — November, Central and S. E. Europe, Asia Minor, Transcaucasia. 



E. erectaria Pilng. is considerably larger than bajaria (18 i), the wings much longer and narrower, ereciaria. 

 the 2nd radial vein arising nearer to the 1st, the antennal structure nearly as in defoliaria. The 1st line of the 



