XANDRAMES; TEPHRONIA. By L. B. Peout. ' 381 



E. insueta Btlr. (22 k). Very similar to some of the Indian species but generally distinguishable by the insueia. 

 larger admixture of white, especially as a sort of band following the postmedian line. Not quite so large as 

 pardicelata Walk, (especially the $) and with quite different underside — the white ground much more spotted 

 and mottled with smoke-colour and with larger dark blotches at the distal margins. Japan. A single $ from 

 Omei-shan perhaps represents a local race, less distinctly banded, etc. 



130. Genus : Xaudrames Mcore. 



Differs from Elphos in the shorter palpus, scarcely crenulate distal margins, etc. Forewing with 2nd 

 subcostal stalked with 3rd — 5th (in Elphos often from the cell). Range: Himalayas to Japan and Formosa, 



A. Antenna in ? bipectinate (Xandrames). 



X. dholaria Moore is an Indian species which has wrongly been confused by Hampson with lati- dholaria. 

 feraria Walk. It differs in the white apical patch of the hindwing (sometimes extending as a band along the 

 distal margm about to the 3rd radial) and in other points. It occurs in the N. W. Himalayas, at Dharmsala 

 and other Palearctic localities. — sericea Btlr. (24 a) represents dholaria in Palearctic China and Japan. It sericea. 

 is rather darker, with rather broad white band, but similar examples occur m India as aberrations. 



X. latiferaria Walk, has in place of the white apex or border of dholaria a characteristic submarginal latiferaria. 

 white line on the hindwing. This arises from the costal margin near the apex, closely approaches the distal 

 margin at the radial fold, is here bent and runs rather straight to the anal angle. Distributed in Japan and 

 China. 



X. xanthomelanaria Pouj. is recognizable at once by the convex proximal edge of the broad light sub- xanthomela- 

 apical band and by the yellow coloration of this band and of the narrow border of the hindwing. W. China. nana. 



B. Antenna in $ simple (Duliophyle Warr.). 



X. agitata Btlr. (23 a). The ^ is easilj' identifiable from our figm'e; sometimes the small clear sub- agitata. 

 costal patch distally to the cell-mark is whitish. In the $ this patch is quite white, sometimes broadned, 

 and the patch distally to the subterminal line is also mostly white from the 2nd radial to near the anal angle, 

 forming with the anterior patch an oblique, interrupted band. — angustaria Leech is darker, especially the hind- angustaria. 

 wing, in which the light subterminal is not traceable at all. Omei-shan, only one example (^). Except that the 

 postmedian line of the hindwing is straighter I can see no difference that might indicate a species. 



X. majuscularia Leech (= diluta Warr.) (23 a). Larger and lighter, most of the fuscous clouding being majuscula- 

 suppressed; $ without white patches ; underside much lighter. Possibly, as Wakben surmised, a mere aber- '"'"■ 



ration, but the postmedian line on both wings different. Japan. 



,. , 131. Genus: Tephronia Hhn. 



Face smooth and flat. Palpus minute, slender. Tongue rudimentary, perhaps sometimes wanting. 

 Antenna in $ bipectinate. Hindtibia with terminal spurs only (in fingalaria spurless). Wings elongate, with 

 long cells. Forewing m both sexes with large, long fovea, 1st and 2nd subcostals coincident, 3rd and 4th sepa- 

 rating very near the apex, sometimes comcident. Huadwing with costal closely approaching subcostal beyond 

 middle of cell,' 2nd subcostal stalked with 1st radial, 2nd radial present, though very weak. — Larva stumpy, 

 tapering at both ends; head small, flattened in front, rounded above; tubercles prominent. On lichens. — 

 Geographical distribution restricted, exclusively Palearctic. 



This remarkable genus and the two which follow are probably'^misplaced by Statjdingek, but then- 

 true position is uncertain. 



T. sepiaria Hufn. (= cineraria Schiff.) (22 a). Forewmg brownish ashy, antemedian and postmedian sepiaria. 

 lines black, widely separated, the latter with strong proximal curve between the 2nd radial and 2nd submedian 

 veins, sometimes broken into vein-dashes; median shade usually indistinct except at costal margin, curved 

 similarly to the postmedian. Hindwing paler, with fine, sinuous postmedian line. — ab. carieraria H.-Sch. carieraria. 

 is much darker, the forewing grey-blackish, the lines whitish-edged on the reverse sides. — - ab. nigra BM. is nigra. 

 quite unicolorous blackish. — chapmani form. nov. is rather narrower wmged and rather lighter than the name- chapmani. 

 type, forewing with the black lines more sharply expressed, the antemedian more deeply curved basewards 

 behind the cell, discal dots oftener present, hindwing nearly white, its postmedian line nearly parallel with distal 

 margin, sometimes broken into vein-dots. Spain: Navalperal (province of Avila, at western extremity of Sierra 

 de Guadarrama), 5th August, 7 ^^ (presented to me by T. A. Chapman). — Larva brown-grey, with greenish 

 white dorsal line and row of subdorsal spots. Full fed about June. Imago in July — August. Central and S. 

 Europe, the Canary Islands, N. Africa, Palestine and Asia Minor. 



