EMATURGA. By I.. B. Peouth. ;i!)!» 



Sicily, S. Andalusia and Central and iS. Algeria. — • ab. nevadaria Rihhe, i^J a modification of chrysitarin without nevadaria. 

 the dark border of the hindwing. — ab. prieta liibbe has tlie huidwhig above almost entirely darkened. — kaby- f^!*'?' • 

 laria Ob. (23 e). ForewLng mostly dark, antemedian and subtermina) white lines nearly obsolete, postmedian 

 very slender, though followed by some light dusting. Distal border of hindwing very dark, sometimes broadened. 

 The dark parts of the underside similarly intensified, but the forewhig without dark dlscal mark. Smaller 

 than normal chrysitaria, both wings with distal margin more rounded towards the apex, but probably only a 

 modification of that race (or species). Algeria: Collo and Philippeville ; also from the Eastern Sahara. — The 

 larva of pennigeraria has been described and figured by Milliere. Rather long, cylindrical, without projec- 

 tions, very dark vinous, dorsal line nearly black, slender on thorax, mterruptcd at the incisions on abdomen, 

 subdorsal fine, light, also interrupted on the abdomen, lateral stripe white, very broad, undulate, marked 

 by a fine black line above and large dots of the same colour below. On Santolina chamae-cjrparissus, which 

 according to Ribbe was refused by newly hatched larvae of chrysitaria. Halimii^m occidentale is also mentioned 

 as a food-plant. Moth m May — June. 



B. Hairy clothing (especially of face and palpus) very shaggy. Fore wing 



with 1st — 2nd subcostal coincident (Fidonia). 



F. plummistaria Vill. (= plumistaria 5M.) (23 e). Another striking species, variable but always un- plummisia- 

 mistakable, quite different from the preceduig in the black-banded wings, etc. $ narrower-winged, sometimes ""* 



quite small. — ab. auritaria Hbn. is a remarkable aberration with the dark colour suffusing both wings through- auriiaria. 

 out excepting some mostly small, scattered yellow spots, placed chiefly near the distal margin, on the fore- 

 wing also in front of the 3rd radial. — ab. confluens Ob. Forewing black to the antemedian line and from the confluens. 

 median to the subterminal. — ab. albicans 06. Black markings greatly reduced. — ab. (?) albosignata Neubgr. "'^*'^«"*- 

 from Portugal, is larger, the forewing white, not yellow, only the veins and distal margin remaining yellowish. 

 — Egg somewhat cylindrical, with rounded ends, micropylar end narrow ; longitudinal ribs distinct in the middle, 

 transverse ribs less developed, white knobs at the angles. Larva less elongate than the joreceding, equally 

 smooth and cylindrical, yellowish brown, dorsal line broken into dark lozenges, subdorsal reddish, slender, 

 uninterrupted, lateral stripe narrow, pale yellow, feebly undulate. On Dorycnium, easy to rear. Double brooded, 

 the pupa hibernating, moth in March — April and less abundantly in September. S. W. Europe, N. Italy, 

 Switzerland (Mont Saleve) and N. Africa. , 



148. Genus : £iiiatiirg'a Led. 



Like Isturgia but the (J antenna with much longer pectinations, the fovea rudimentary. Probably 

 a superfluous genus, yet the genitalia also seem to remove it from Isturgia, the latter showing the characters 

 of Macaria. Only one species known, unless iliaria (unknown to me) be a second. . 



E. atomaria L. (= isoscelata Scop., pennata Scop., aceraria Hufn., artemisiaria Fuessl., picta GeofJ., aiovmria. 

 microcosma Geoff.) (23 f). Very variable, the variation rather difficult to classify, being in large measure indi- 

 vidual, in part racial and further complicated by marked sexual dimorphism. The name-type {^) is yellowish 

 with irroration and moderately distinct bands fuscous; the corresponding $ more whitish, the bands conse- 

 quently sharper. — ■ ,^-ab. ochrearia Ebl. entirely lacks the dark markings. • — ^J-ab. ustaria Fuclis has the dark "c^'^^"""- 

 irroration much increased, in part confluent, leaving only scattered spots and dots of the yellow ground. — 

 (J-ab. unicoloraria Stgr. is miiform fuscous (in the N. English form nearjy black), only the fringes showmg lighter „nicolora- 

 spots. A large form of unicoloraria possibly constitutes a local race m the Brusa district and N. Syria (Shar- ria. 



Deresy). — • ab. obsoletaria Zett. ~is a small- dark form, with the bands broadened and more confluent. Especially obsoletaria. 

 in Lapland and Finland. — orientaria Stgr. (= transalpinaiia Frings) (23 f) is freer from fuscous irroration, the orientaria. 

 bands narrowed or subobsolete, the dark border in the (^ generally strong. In the ^ a pretty and bright- 

 form, chiefly characteristic of Avarm countries. Italy, Greece, Asia Minor etc. — krassnojarscensis Fuchs is krassnojars- 

 described as smaller than the name-type, with narrower wuigs, the forewing more poiiited, light grey-yellow census. 



with fine, dirty brawn dusting, the distal area not darkened, the transverse stripes distinct. Krasnoiarsk, 

 Siberia. — tneinhardi Krulih. on the contrary, is larger than the name-type, the wings above and beneath 

 ferrugmous, not yellowish, the fuscous bands broader and more confluent. Semiretshje. ■ — Larva without meinhardi. 

 protuberances, very variable in colour and markmgs; brown, ochreous, grey or violet -grey with pale dorsal 

 spots or lozenges. On Calluna, Erica, Papilionaceae, etc. The pupa hibernates. The moth is on the wing from 

 April to June and there seems to be a partial second generation. Abundant in a great part of Europe, Central 

 Asia and across Siberia. Amurland specimens are rather dull in colourmg. — iliaria Alph. is probably, accor- iUaria. 

 ding to Statjdingee, a separate species, smaller, touch paler, the (^^ mostly almost unicolorous yellow, not 

 du.sted, or with very slight brown bands. Valley of the Hi. 



