400 BUPALUS; SELIDOSEMA. By L. B. Prout. 



149. Genus: Bupalus Leech. 



Also nearly related to Isturgia, distinguished hy the less projecting hairs on face, short palpus, plumose 

 cj antenna and strong sexual dimorphism. The moths — or at least the ^(^ — fly in the sunshine and rest 

 (like some others of the group) with the wings dosed together over the back. The genus is Palearctic only. 



piniaria. B. pifiiaria L. (= mughusaria Gmpbg., 2 = tiliaria L.) (23 f). The sexes are nearly similar in shape, 



the abdomen of the 9 much stouter. The ^^ have always quite light ground-colour and nearly always blackish 



or very deep brown distal borders; the $? have darker ground-colour and are as a rule much more unicolorous. 



The name-typical ^ has the ground-colour white and belongs chiefly to colder climates; the normal $ is 



albidaria. bright brownish orange. — (J-ab. albidaria Dziurz. lacks the dark markings except the borders. The immacula 



holleri. and nivalis of the same author are transitions. — (J-ab. kolleri Dziurz. has a thick postmedian line (narrow 



anomala- band) present on the forewing. — (J-ab. anomalarius Huene is small, strongly dark-dusted, the borders not 



, ."'^' very black. — (J-ab. tristis Dziurz. is much darkened, the hindwing often entirely black. — (J-ab. flavescens 



flavescens. B. -White has the ground-colour yellow. In Southern England it entirely supplants the foregoing white forms. 



dziurzyns-_ — (J-ab. dziurzynskii Roller (23 g) combines the ground-colour of flavescens with the markings of kolleri. — 



hirsahkei. S''^^- hirschkei Dziurz. (= ? iberarius Kolenati) lacks the apical cloud of the forewing but has the transverse 



nigricarius. stripes well developed. Hochschwab, Tyrol, ?Spain. — ■ (^-ab. nigricarius Backhaus (= tristis Th.-Mieg, nigri- 



fuscantaria. cans Dziurz.) both wings almost entirely black or dark fuscous. — $-ab. fuscantaria Krtdik. (23 g) is a nearly 



unicolora. uniform infuscated form, perhaps corresponding to nigricarius. — $-ab. unicolora Strand is uniform ochreous. — 



strigata. ^-ab. strigata Dziurz. is a banded form, corresponding to hirschkei. Other aberrations have been named by 



DziTJBZYNSKi. — • Larva smooth, cylindrical, green with longitudinal white, dark-edged lines running from head 



to anal end. On Pinus sylvestris, often in such abundance as to defoliate whole tracts of forest. The pupa 



hibernates. Moth in May — -June. Central and N. Europe, Castile, Transcaucasia, Altai, E. Siberia. 



vestalis. B. vestalis Stgr. (23 g) is larger, broader winged, white, with large cell-spots and quite differently 



shaped blackish border to the forewmg. Forewing beneath also with the dark clouding more restricted. $ 

 unknown. Amurland: Raddefka; Japan: Hakodate. Apparently not common. 



cembraria. B. (?) cembraria Motsch. may be mentioned here, though I cannot at all identify it. „$. Form of 



piniaria but larger. Cinereous testaceous, forewing above distally broadly mfuscated, with a line and two 

 transverse spots fuscous, hindwing above in the middle somewhat fuscous; underside transversely marked in 

 the middle by a dark line; antenna strongly pectinate; legs reddish testaceous." Amur. 



150. Genus: ^elidofseiiia Hbn. 



Characters of Boarmia, subgenus Cleora, which Meyeick unites with it. Antenna in ^J rather short, 

 plumose. Wings in (J ample, 9 considerably smaller: hindwing perhaps relatively larger than m Boarmia, 

 its distal margin slightly or quite moderately crenulate. Not a very scientifically grounded genus, yet some- 

 what different in aspect and habits from Boarmia. Larva without protuberances, living on low plants. Range 

 not definitely ascertained. 



plumaria. S. plumaria Schiff. (= brunnearia VilL, ericetaria Vill.. vespertaria Usp.) (23 g). Brown or purple- 



brown with dark discal dots or spots, the lines and distal band usually indicated on the forewing, but very 

 variably, the lines wanting on the hindwing. $ much smaller-winged than (^, with stout abdomen, moderately 

 pyrerutearki. well marked. It is distributed in. Central and Southern Central Europe. Asia Minor. Transcaucasia. — pyrenaearia 

 Bsd. has a very strongly expressed dark median line but the dark marginal band obsolescent. Pyrenees and 

 pallidaria. Spain. — pallidaria Stgr. is a very weakly marked, cinereous whitish form from Sicily, Dalmatia, etc. — syriacaria 

 synacarta. g^gy shows a siiailar pale ground-colour but the discal spots, median line of forewing and submarguial bands 

 scandinayi- are well developed. Syria. — scandinaviaria Stgr. is dark violet-grey, the median line present, the distal bands 

 oelandica ^^'^o'^g ^I'^d. broad. Scandinavia. — oelandica Wahlgren is a modification of the preceding, perhaps less dark 

 grey, with an additional dark band occupymg the entire space between median and postmedian lines, which 

 oliveirata. are both black. Oeland. Perhaps not separable from the following. — oHveirata Mah. Similar to scandinaviaria 

 granataria. but with a broad fuscous median band on the forewing. Portugal. — granataria Ebr. seems to be also an 

 aberration of plumaria, with the median shade of the forewing composed of 3 spots, the pale subterminal 

 line (band) unusually distinct. Andalusia. — Egg oval, with rows of hexagonal cells, each marked at four of 

 the angles with minute raised darker knobs. Larva smooth, with a point at anal extremity; grey, with irre- 

 gular double dark dorsal line and pale lines on the sides, the lower one edged above with reddish brown. On 

 Calluna and other low plants, hibernating. The moth frecjuents heaths or rough chalk-hills, etc. July — August. 



modestaria. S, modestaria Piing. is considerably smaller and more slenderly built, the pectinations of the (J an- 



tenna less buishy, decreasing in length towards the tip; face more protuberant; palpus shorter. Forewing 



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