32 CISTUDA CAROLINA. 



Testudo Carolina, Latreille, Hist. Nat. Rept., torn. i. p. 137. 



Testudo virgulata, Latreille, Hist. Nat. Rep., torn. i. p. 100. 



Testudo virgulata, Daudin, Hist. Nat. des Rept., torn. ii. p. 201. 



Testudo Carolina, Daiidin, Hist. Nat. des Rept, torn. ii. p. 207. 



Testudo clausa, Daudin, Hist. Nat. des Rept, torn. ii. p. 207. 



Testudo clausa, Shrnu, Gen. Zool., vol. iii. part i. p. 36, pi. 7. 



Terrapene clausa, Merrem, Versuch. eines Syst der Amphib., p. 28. 



Emys clausa, Schioeigger, Prod. Arch. Konigsb., vol. i. p. 315. 



Emys virgulata, Schweigger, Loc. Cit, p. 310. 



Emys Schneiderii, Sckweigger, Loc. Cit., p. 317. 



Emys clausa, TVagler, Naturlich. Syst. der Amphib., p. 13S. 



Cistuda clausa. Say, Jour. Acad. Nat. Scien. Philad., vol. iv. p. 214. 



Testudo clausa, Leconte, Ann. Lye. Nat Hist. N. Y., vol. iii. p. 124. 



Terrapene Carolina, Bell, Zool. Jour., vol. ii. p. 309. 



Terrapene maculata, ct nebulosa. Bell, Loc. Cit., p. 309-310. 



Cistuda Carolina, Gray, Synop. Rept., p. 19. 



Cistuda clausa, Harlan, Med. and Phys. Res., p. 149. 



Cistuda Carolina, Dumeril et Bihron, Hist Nat. des Rej^t, tom. ii. p. 210. 



Box tortoise, Vulgo. 



Description. The shell is extremely gibbous, nearly hemispherical, carinated, 

 and slightly oval, the narrowest part in front. Of the five vertebral plates, the 

 anterior is slightly urceolate and pentagonal, with two of its borders directed 

 forward and outwards; the second, third and fourth are all hexagonal, with their 

 anterior margins a little angular and projecting, and their posterior slightly 

 concave; the fifth vertebral plate is pentagonal, smaller above, larger below, and 

 joined to four marginal. The anterior lateral plate is trigonal, narrow above, 

 broader and rounded below; the second and third are hexagonal; the fourth is 

 quadrilateral and much smaller; sometimes all these plates, vertebral as well as 

 lateral, are marked with concentric stria;. There are twenty -five marginal plates, 

 forming an entire border; the nuchal or intermediate is very small, oblong and 

 narrow, often projecting beyond the rest. The first marginal plate is irregularly 

 pentagonal; the others are all quadrilateral, those over the thighs being broadest; 



