﻿EASTERN 
  NOVA 
  SCOTIA. 
  AND 
  PRINCE-EDWARD 
  ISLAND. 
  213 
  

  

  and 
  bituminous 
  shales 
  associated 
  with 
  grey 
  sand-stones 
  and 
  contain- 
  

   ing 
  fossils 
  similar 
  to 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  series 
  below. 
  It 
  especially 
  abounds 
  

   in 
  fish-scales 
  and 
  Cy 
  there 
  ; 
  and 
  several 
  of 
  the 
  fishes 
  are 
  specifically 
  

   identical 
  with 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  upper 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  Middle 
  Coal-measures 
  

   as 
  seen 
  in 
  the 
  southern 
  trough, 
  south 
  of 
  New 
  Glasgow. 
  These 
  beds 
  

   are 
  about 
  200 
  feet 
  thick. 
  Mr. 
  H. 
  Poole 
  has 
  described 
  them 
  in 
  the 
  

   ' 
  Canadian 
  Naturalist' 
  for 
  August 
  1860. 
  

  

  5. 
  The 
  beds 
  up 
  to 
  this 
  point 
  may 
  be 
  considered 
  the 
  equivalents 
  

   of 
  the 
  Middle 
  Coal-measures 
  or 
  of 
  the 
  upper 
  part 
  of 
  them, 
  and 
  are 
  

   now 
  succeeded 
  in 
  ascending 
  order 
  by 
  thick 
  grey 
  and 
  reddish 
  sand- 
  

   stones 
  and 
  reddish 
  and 
  grey 
  shales, 
  including, 
  however, 
  thin 
  coaly 
  bed 
  

   and 
  underclays, 
  and 
  clays 
  with 
  nodular 
  limestone. 
  These 
  may 
  be 
  

   regarded 
  as 
  belonging 
  to 
  the 
  Upper 
  Coal-formation 
  ; 
  and 
  their 
  aggre- 
  

   gate 
  thickness 
  as 
  far 
  as 
  Pictou 
  Harbour 
  may 
  be 
  2000 
  feet. 
  They 
  

   contain 
  Catamites, 
  trunks 
  of 
  Dadoxylon 
  mater 
  iariuin, 
  Lepidodendron, 
  

   Pecopteris 
  arborescens? 
  and 
  Neuropteris. 
  

  

  The 
  dip 
  of 
  the 
  Conglomerate 
  is 
  high 
  ; 
  and 
  that 
  this 
  is 
  not 
  alto- 
  

   gether 
  due 
  to 
  false 
  stratification 
  is 
  shown 
  by 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  to 
  the 
  

   eastward 
  of 
  New 
  Glasgow 
  the 
  limestone 
  and 
  the 
  Coal-measure 
  beds 
  

   rest 
  on 
  the 
  Conglomerate 
  at 
  an 
  angle 
  of 
  45°; 
  but 
  this 
  rapidly 
  dimi- 
  

   nishes 
  to 
  20°, 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  greater 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  section 
  it 
  is 
  only 
  from 
  

   8° 
  to 
  6°. 
  

  

  The 
  line 
  of 
  demarcation 
  between 
  the 
  Middle 
  and 
  Upper 
  Coal- 
  

   formations 
  is 
  not 
  marked 
  here 
  by 
  any 
  great 
  physical 
  break, 
  but 
  merely 
  

   by 
  the 
  cessation 
  of 
  the 
  characteristic 
  beds 
  of 
  the 
  Middle 
  Coal-forma- 
  

   tion 
  and 
  the 
  change 
  to 
  sandstones 
  associated 
  with 
  red 
  shales. 
  

  

  At 
  first 
  sight 
  it 
  might 
  appear 
  that 
  as 
  the 
  beds 
  north 
  of 
  the 
  Con- 
  

   glomerate 
  clip 
  uniformly 
  to 
  the 
  north, 
  and 
  mostly 
  at 
  slight 
  angles, 
  

   and 
  those 
  south 
  of 
  its 
  outcrop 
  are 
  much 
  more 
  disturbed, 
  there 
  might 
  

   be 
  evidence 
  of 
  unconformability. 
  This, 
  however, 
  is 
  due 
  to 
  a 
  line 
  of 
  

   fault 
  extending 
  along 
  the 
  outcrop 
  of 
  the 
  Conglomerate, 
  and 
  to 
  the 
  

   greater 
  relative 
  disturbance 
  of 
  the 
  beds 
  of 
  the 
  southern 
  synclinal. 
  

  

  2. 
  Section 
  west 
  of 
  Carribou 
  Harbour. 
  

  

  This 
  Section 
  exposes 
  the 
  south 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  third 
  or 
  northern 
  syn- 
  

   clinal, 
  and 
  may 
  be 
  supposed 
  to 
  begin 
  not 
  far 
  above 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  

   Upper 
  Coal-formation. 
  It 
  extends 
  in 
  ascending 
  order 
  obliquely 
  across 
  

   the 
  synclinal 
  for 
  about 
  ten 
  miles 
  along 
  a 
  coast 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  beds 
  are 
  

   on 
  the 
  whole 
  well 
  exposed, 
  with 
  uniform 
  dips 
  of 
  about 
  N. 
  30° 
  E. 
  

   magnetic, 
  or 
  nearly 
  true 
  north, 
  and 
  at 
  an 
  angle 
  of 
  about 
  10°; 
  and 
  

   no 
  break 
  or 
  evidence 
  of 
  unconformability 
  exists 
  throughout 
  the 
  

   series, 
  which 
  amounts 
  here 
  in 
  thickness 
  to 
  about 
  2500 
  feet. 
  

  

  The 
  lowest 
  beds 
  seen 
  in 
  this 
  section 
  at 
  the 
  mouth 
  of 
  Carribou 
  

   River 
  are 
  red 
  and 
  grey 
  shales, 
  and 
  grey, 
  red, 
  and 
  brown 
  sandstones, 
  

   including 
  a 
  small 
  bed 
  of 
  coal 
  5 
  inches 
  thick, 
  with 
  Stigmaria-rooblets 
  

   in 
  the 
  underclay; 
  and 
  at 
  Carribou 
  Island, 
  nearly 
  in 
  the 
  line 
  of 
  strike, 
  

   there 
  is 
  a 
  somewhat 
  thicker 
  bed 
  of 
  coal. 
  The 
  overlying 
  series 
  may 
  

   be 
  described 
  as 
  consisting 
  of 
  indefinite 
  alternations 
  of 
  shales, 
  mostly 
  

   deep 
  red, 
  with 
  sandstones, 
  grey, 
  red, 
  and 
  brown, 
  the 
  latter 
  sometimes 
  

  

  Q. 
  J. 
  G. 
  S. 
  No. 
  119. 
  r 
  

  

  