﻿EASTERN 
  NOVA 
  SCOTIA 
  AND 
  PRINCE-EDWARD 
  ISLAND. 
  217 
  

  

  Scotia 
  is, 
  as 
  I 
  have 
  elsewhere 
  shown, 
  more 
  nearly 
  allied 
  in 
  its 
  

   fossils 
  to 
  that 
  of 
  Europe 
  than 
  to 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  interior 
  of 
  North 
  

   America 
  ; 
  and 
  as 
  the 
  Permian 
  flora 
  consists 
  to 
  a 
  great 
  extent 
  of 
  

   survivors 
  from 
  the 
  Coal-formation, 
  it 
  will 
  not 
  he 
  unfair 
  to 
  compare 
  

   the 
  ahove 
  list 
  with 
  the 
  species 
  in 
  Geinitz's 
  and 
  Goppert's 
  Memoirs 
  

   on 
  the 
  European 
  Permian. 
  

  

  The 
  very 
  abundant 
  Dadoxylon 
  materiarium 
  is 
  a 
  tree 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  

   type 
  with 
  several 
  species 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  European 
  Permian, 
  as 
  for 
  

   instance 
  D. 
  saxonicum, 
  Reich., 
  and 
  D. 
  Schrollianum, 
  Gdpp. 
  Wal- 
  

   chia 
  is 
  also 
  regarded 
  as 
  characteristic 
  of 
  the 
  European 
  Dyas 
  ; 
  hut 
  

   as 
  it 
  is 
  not 
  improbable 
  that 
  it 
  represents 
  merely 
  leafy 
  branches 
  

   of 
  Dadoxylon, 
  it 
  belongs 
  to 
  the 
  Carboniferous 
  as 
  well. 
  One 
  of 
  our 
  

   species, 
  however, 
  is 
  very 
  near 
  to 
  W. 
  piriformis 
  of 
  the 
  Dyas. 
  

   Calamites 
  arenaceus, 
  whether 
  or 
  not 
  an 
  internal 
  axis 
  of 
  Equisetites, 
  

   is 
  Dyadic 
  in 
  Europe 
  ; 
  and 
  some 
  of 
  my 
  specimens 
  may 
  well 
  belong 
  to 
  

   C. 
  leioderma 
  of 
  the 
  European 
  Permian. 
  C. 
  gigas 
  is 
  a 
  decidedly 
  

   and 
  peculiarly 
  Permian 
  species. 
  C. 
  Suchovii 
  and 
  C. 
  Cistii 
  are 
  

   Permian 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  Carboniferous 
  in 
  Europe, 
  as 
  is 
  also 
  Calamoden- 
  

   dron 
  approximatum. 
  Annvlaria 
  longifolia 
  is 
  Permian 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  

   Carboniferous. 
  Neuropteris 
  rarinervis 
  is 
  peculiarly 
  American 
  and 
  

   very 
  widely 
  distributed 
  ; 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  questionable 
  if 
  some 
  of 
  its 
  larger- 
  

   leaved 
  varieties 
  are 
  not 
  identical 
  with 
  European 
  forms 
  known 
  by 
  

   other 
  names. 
  Neuropteris 
  fiexuosa. 
  N. 
  cordata, 
  and 
  N. 
  cmricxdata, 
  

   as 
  well 
  as 
  Pecopteris 
  (C'yatheites) 
  arborescens, 
  P. 
  oreopteroides, 
  and 
  

   P. 
  abbreviata 
  are 
  both 
  Carboniferous 
  and 
  Permian 
  ; 
  and 
  the 
  species 
  

   which 
  I 
  have 
  compared 
  doubtfully 
  with 
  P. 
  BucMandi, 
  and 
  with 
  P. 
  

   Massilionis 
  of 
  Lesquereux, 
  has 
  strong 
  points 
  of 
  affinity 
  with 
  P. 
  

   densifolius 
  of 
  Goppert. 
  Corda'ites 
  simplex 
  is 
  a 
  peculiar 
  American 
  

   species, 
  but 
  nearly 
  allied, 
  according 
  to 
  Geinitz, 
  to 
  his 
  C. 
  Ecesslerianus 
  

   from 
  the 
  Lower 
  Dyas. 
  Einally 
  Geinitz 
  thinks 
  the 
  Trigonocarpum 
  

   from 
  Prince-Edward 
  Island 
  to 
  be 
  the 
  same 
  with 
  his 
  Rhabdocarpvs 
  

   dyadicus. 
  

  

  We 
  thus 
  have 
  an 
  undoubted 
  palseontological 
  resemblance 
  between 
  

   the 
  upward 
  extension 
  of 
  the 
  Carboniferous 
  in 
  Nova 
  Scotia 
  and 
  

   Prince-Edward 
  Island 
  and 
  the 
  Permian 
  of 
  Europe, 
  though 
  in 
  the 
  

   former 
  regions 
  no 
  stratigraphical 
  break 
  enables 
  us 
  to 
  establish 
  on 
  

   that 
  ground 
  any 
  well-marked 
  line 
  of 
  division. 
  Taking 
  into 
  con- 
  

   sideration 
  the 
  great 
  thickness 
  of 
  the 
  Carboniferous 
  in 
  Nova 
  Scotia 
  

   and 
  the 
  large 
  development 
  of 
  this 
  Upper 
  Permo-Carbotiferous 
  

   member, 
  it 
  would 
  not 
  be 
  surprising 
  that 
  in 
  this 
  last 
  we 
  may 
  have 
  

   a 
  chronological 
  equivalent 
  of 
  part 
  at 
  least 
  of 
  the 
  European 
  Permian. 
  

  

  We 
  have 
  no 
  evidence 
  as 
  to 
  age 
  derivable 
  from 
  marine 
  shells. 
  

   The 
  highest 
  marine 
  limestone 
  known 
  to 
  me, 
  a 
  bed 
  near 
  Wallace 
  

   Harbour, 
  which 
  I 
  described 
  many 
  years 
  ago 
  in 
  the 
  Journal 
  of 
  this 
  

   Society 
  *, 
  belongs 
  to 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  Newer 
  Coal-formation, 
  and 
  

   contains 
  Productus 
  cora, 
  P. 
  semireticidatus, 
  and 
  Avicidopecten 
  

   simplex, 
  all 
  characteristic 
  Lower 
  Carboniferous 
  forms. 
  

  

  In 
  Prince-Edward 
  Island 
  the 
  Upper 
  Carboniferous 
  and 
  the 
  Trias 
  

   are 
  appparently 
  conformable, 
  and 
  may 
  almost 
  be 
  said 
  to 
  pass 
  into 
  

   * 
  See 
  also 
  'Acadian 
  Geology,' 
  p. 
  214, 
  2nd 
  edition, 
  

  

  