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  CARBONIFEROUS 
  CONGLOMERATES 
  OF 
  THE 
  EDEN 
  BASIN. 
  

  

  tions, 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  close 
  agreement 
  between 
  them 
  both 
  in 
  lithological 
  

   character 
  and 
  in 
  their 
  position 
  in 
  the 
  Carboniferons 
  series*. 
  

  

  From 
  what 
  has 
  been 
  stated 
  it 
  would 
  therefore 
  appear 
  that 
  certain 
  

   beds, 
  which 
  can 
  be 
  shown 
  to 
  occur 
  about 
  the 
  middle 
  of 
  the 
  Carboni- 
  

   ferous 
  Limestone 
  in 
  one 
  part 
  of 
  Westmoreland, 
  develop 
  into 
  coarse 
  

   conglomerates, 
  which 
  are 
  locally 
  undistinguishable 
  from 
  much 
  of 
  the 
  

   true 
  basement 
  series, 
  and 
  have 
  been 
  described, 
  by 
  authors 
  who 
  have 
  

   not 
  had 
  opportunities 
  of 
  tracing 
  out 
  the 
  true 
  position 
  of 
  these 
  beds 
  

   in 
  the 
  Carboniferous 
  series, 
  as 
  undoubted 
  Old 
  Red 
  Sandstone. 
  

  

  Discussion. 
  

  

  Prof. 
  Hughes 
  confirmed 
  the 
  observations 
  of 
  Mr. 
  Goodchild, 
  and 
  

   showed 
  their 
  importance 
  as 
  bearing 
  upon 
  inquiries 
  into 
  the 
  changes 
  

   of 
  the 
  land 
  which 
  furnished, 
  and 
  of 
  the 
  currents 
  which 
  arranged, 
  

   the 
  materials 
  of 
  the 
  beds 
  described. 
  

  

  Prof. 
  Ramsay 
  remarked 
  that 
  the 
  author 
  was 
  entitled 
  to 
  much 
  praise 
  

   for 
  the 
  manner 
  in 
  which 
  he 
  had 
  worked 
  out 
  the 
  minor 
  details 
  of 
  the 
  

   Carboniferous 
  system. 
  The 
  Cross-Fell 
  conglomerates 
  had 
  been 
  called 
  

   Old 
  Red 
  Sandstone 
  ; 
  they 
  are 
  now 
  placed 
  in 
  the 
  Lower 
  Carboniferous, 
  

   but 
  no 
  distinct 
  line 
  of 
  demarcation 
  can 
  be 
  determined. 
  Prof. 
  Ramsay 
  

   remarked 
  on 
  the 
  distribution 
  of 
  deposits 
  of 
  the 
  Carboniferous 
  series 
  

   in 
  Britain, 
  and 
  referred 
  especially 
  to 
  the 
  Carboniferous 
  Limestone. 
  

   In 
  the 
  south 
  of 
  Pembroke 
  and 
  Glamorganshire 
  this 
  formation 
  is 
  

   2500 
  or 
  3000 
  feet 
  thick; 
  in 
  the 
  Devonshire 
  area 
  100 
  feet, 
  and 
  in 
  

   the 
  north 
  of 
  Glamorganshire 
  500-600 
  feet 
  represent 
  the 
  whole 
  of 
  

   the 
  Mountain-Limestone 
  ; 
  in 
  Coalbrook 
  Dale, 
  again, 
  its 
  thickness 
  is 
  

   only 
  about 
  100 
  feet, 
  in 
  North 
  Wales 
  800 
  feet, 
  in 
  Anglesea 
  500 
  feet. 
  

   In 
  advancing 
  towards 
  Palaeozoic 
  districts, 
  where 
  old 
  land 
  existed, 
  

   the 
  limestone 
  becomes 
  thin, 
  whilst 
  it 
  becomes 
  thick 
  in 
  the 
  deep- 
  

   water 
  areas, 
  — 
  in 
  Derbyshire 
  3000-4000 
  feet, 
  falling 
  off 
  to 
  less 
  than 
  

   1000 
  feet 
  in 
  Cumberland, 
  where 
  it 
  is 
  split 
  up 
  by 
  sandstones 
  ; 
  and 
  

   this 
  is 
  still 
  more 
  strikingly 
  the 
  case 
  in 
  Scotland, 
  where 
  100 
  feet 
  of 
  

   limestone 
  is 
  a 
  rarity. 
  He 
  thought 
  the 
  existence 
  of 
  coral 
  reefs 
  in 
  

   the 
  Mountain-Limestone 
  doubtful. 
  

  

  Mr. 
  Tiddeman 
  remarked 
  that 
  the 
  Mountain-Limestone 
  was 
  3000 
  

   or 
  4000 
  feet 
  thick 
  in 
  the 
  Lake-district, 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  Pennine 
  Chain, 
  

   at 
  a 
  distance 
  of 
  15 
  miles, 
  only 
  600 
  feet. 
  

  

  * 
  The 
  writer 
  wishes 
  it 
  to 
  be 
  stated 
  that 
  he 
  had 
  independently 
  arrived 
  at 
  this 
  

   conclusion 
  before 
  he 
  heard 
  that 
  Mr. 
  James 
  Greikie 
  held 
  similar 
  views 
  regarding 
  

   these 
  Roman-Fell 
  beds. 
  

  

  